June 2023 in “Dermatology and Therapy” This study found that for patients with moderate-to-severe chronic hand eczema, combining fractional CO2 laser with halometasone cream was more effective than using halometasone cream alone, with a higher treatment success rate and fewer relapses, though skin pigmentation was a common side effect.
2 citations
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April 2025 in “Lasers in Medical Science” This study found that combining fractional CO₂ laser with halometasone cream improved chronic eczema more effectively than halometasone alone, with efficacy varying by laser parameters and showing better results at 4 weeks compared to 1 week. Pain was noted with higher energy treatments.
November 2023 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This case report identified a maculopapular rash in a 76-year-old male, occurring 2 months after starting Finasteride for prostatic hyperplasia, with clinical and histologic evidence suggesting a drug-induced skin eruption.
August 2025 in “Frontiers in Microbiology” This study found that microneedling treatment improved hair regeneration in an animal model of alopecia areata and positively influenced the gut microbiome by restoring microbial diversity and altering short-chain fatty acid levels.
July 2026 in “Frontiers in Pediatrics” In this case study, an 11-year-old girl with severe alopecia areata experienced complete hair regrowth and unexpected white-to-black hair repigmentation after switching from baricitinib to ritlecitinib, suggesting that prolonged Janus kinase inhibition may aid both hair and pigment restoration in severe pediatric cases.
62 citations
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June 2015 in “Sexually Transmitted Infections” This study identifies sexual activity as a significant potential transmission route for Trichophyton interdigitale, causing tinea genitalis among travelers to South East Asia.
April 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” In this case report, a female patient with both psoriasis and lichen planus initially responded to acitretin and topical mometasone but experienced a relapse after stopping the treatment. The authors reported marked improvement within 3 months after switching to upadacitinib, aiming to guide clinical decision-making.
In this study involving 13 patients with vitiligo-associated leukotrichia, minimal hair repigmentation was observed following treatment with fractional CO₂ laser and topical betamethasone, though the method was well tolerated, highlighting the need for further research to optimize treatment parameters.
December 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This case study describes a rare instance of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus on the chin, highlighting the effectiveness of using dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy for accurate diagnosis and monitoring, which led to significant lesion improvement with corticosteroid and immunomodulatory treatment over 19 weeks.
July 2023 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine ” This literature review reports that treatments for alopecia areata, including topical and intralesional corticosteroids, provide varied responses, and emphasizes the importance of supporting patients emotionally, given the limited and promising evidence of effectiveness for other treatments.
4 citations
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October 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Abrocitinib may help treat alopecia areata effectively with mild side effects.
June 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” In this case report, a 42-year-old man with radiation-induced alopecia following endovascular embolization for a cerebral arteriovenous fistula experienced complete hair regrowth after three months of treatment with intramuscular corticosteroids and topical 5% minoxidil, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for faster recovery.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in Medicine” In a reported case, researchers observed full hair regrowth on the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes of a 4-year-old with alopecia universalis after 10 months of treatment with dupilumab, following resistance to baricitinib.
3 citations
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June 2023 in “Frontiers in Medicine” This study constructed a model using serum levels of BMP2, CD8A, PRF1, and XCL1 as a non-invasive biomarker to accurately predict recurrence in patients with alopecia areata.
1 citations
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July 2021 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This case study reports a misdiagnosis of secondary syphilis with probable neurosyphilis as PLEVA in a 12-year-old, highlighting the importance of considering syphilis in patients with unusual symptoms.
May 2026 in “SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología” In this case report, a 7-year-old girl with severe alopecia areata and high baseline IgE levels achieved complete hair regrowth after 48 weeks of dupilumab therapy, with observed decreases in IgE levels and no significant adverse effects beyond a mild initial allergic reaction.
This review presents evidence supporting acupuncture's potential benefits for AA treatment but notes the findings are limited by low-quality evidence and small sample sizes, suggesting a need for future large-scale, rigorous studies.
November 2021 in “Frontiers in medicine” This case study documents the first reported instance of bullous lichen planus/systemic lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome with initial hair loss, which improved with treatment including glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs.
5 citations
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October 2019 in “JAAD Case Reports” This case report describes a young man with rapidly progressive cicatricial alopecia that shows features overlapping several other types, suggesting these conditions may exist on a spectrum.
49 citations
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November 2013 in “JAMA dermatology” This study found that topical clobetasol propionate cream was more effective than hydrocortisone cream in reducing hair loss surface area in children with patchy alopecia areata over 24 weeks, with no serious adverse effects.
October 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Topical metformin gel is as effective and safe as steroids for treating alopecia areata.
3 citations
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August 2019 in “PubMed” This study found that topical corticosteroid foams are effective and generally preferred by patients for a variety of corticosteroid-responsive skin conditions, demonstrating significant clinical benefits such as improved psoriasis symptoms and hair regrowth in alopecia areata compared to traditional forms.
1 citations
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December 2022 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This study found that combining a potent steroid with a vitamin D analogue may offer more convenient treatment for localized alopecia areata than using a superpotent steroid alone, with comparable efficacy but fewer side effects.
2 citations
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April 1993 in “Current Therapeutic Research” This study found no significant difference in effectiveness between 0.05% desonide cream and 1.0% hydrocortisone cream for treating seborrheic dermatitis over 8 weeks, with neither causing skin atrophy.
9 citations
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January 2019 in “International Journal of Trichology” In this study, combining topical calcipotriol with mometasone results in greater improvement in alopecia areata treatment compared to using mometasone alone, as evidenced by a more significant reduction in SALT score over 24 weeks.
January 2026 in “PubMed Central” This study found that clobetasol propionate 0.05% was more effective than topical metformin 30% in treating localized alopecia areata, even though both treatments were generally well-tolerated and showed similar effects overall.
13 citations
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July 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” This study found that topical pimecrolimus is as effective as clobetasol propionate for treating alopecia areata, with better tolerability in terms of side effects.
February 2023 in “Reactions Weekly”
36 citations
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January 2015 in “Dermatology” In this study, bimatoprost solution showed better results than corticosteroid in terms of rapidity, percentage of hair regrowth, and side effects for treating scalp alopecia areata.
July 2025 in “Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine” In this randomized controlled trial, researchers observed that topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% was significantly more effective than topical tacrolimus 0.1% for treating alopecia areata, with a higher treatment success rate of 74.2% versus 45.2%, suggesting clobetasol as a preferred first-line topical therapy.