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More research is needed to understand hair and scalp disorders in people with skin of color.

Enzymes that change arginine to citrulline are important for skin barrier and hair formation, and their malfunction can lead to skin conditions and hair disorders.

Aging changes hair stem cells and their environment, leading to gray hair and hair thinning, but understanding these changes could help develop treatments for hair regeneration.

Combining minoxidil with microneedling or spironolactone is more effective for female hair loss than using minoxidil alone.

Trichoscopy and pathological examination both have unique benefits and cannot completely replace each other in evaluating hair.

Hair shaft disorders are diagnosed through examination and history, with general care and some treatments offering improvement.

Emerging therapies like stem cell and laser treatments show promise for hair regeneration.

ALDOA levels drop in hair cells during hair loss.

Excessive blow-drying can cause "bubble hair," leading to hair loss and fragility, but improves when heat use is reduced.

Hair dyes and perms can damage hair and scalp, but using interventions can reduce harm.

Fermented papaya and mangosteen in hair care products helped prevent hair loss and improve hair thickness.

The document explains how hair follicles develop, their structure, and how they grow.

Hair is thinner near the scalp in acute hair shedding conditions.

Murine hair has specific types of ceramides and glucosylceramides but lacks acylceramides.

Splitting one hair follicle into two can help regrow hair with a 50% to 70% success rate, useful when donor hair is limited.

Disrupted citric acid metabolism stops hair growth.

A peptide from hair follicle stem cells promotes hair growth by activating specific skin cells.

Activating δ-opioid receptors can help hair grow.

Female pattern hair loss shows similar characteristics in both genders and should be classified by hair loss patterns, not gender.

New method, hair distribution width (HDW), improves accuracy in diagnosing androgenetic alopecia (AGA).

Eplerenone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, was found to promote hair growth in human hair follicles.

The 1% ethyl acetate fraction ethosomal gel from Nothopanax scutellarium leaves promotes hair growth but can mildly irritate the skin.

Cilostazol may help hair grow and could be a new treatment for hair loss.

The guide helps doctors diagnose hair problems by suggesting a thorough patient history, physical exams, and various diagnostic tools.

Normal hair thickness varies by scalp area and a mix of hair thicknesses is typical in healthy individuals.

The document explains different hair and scalp conditions, including common hair loss after pregnancy or illness, drug-induced hair loss, hereditary excessive hair growth, patterned baldness, autoimmune hair loss, and permanent loss due to skin disease, with generally limited treatment options.

A genetic mutation in the LIPH gene causes tightly curled hair that stops growing in some Japanese individuals.

The document concludes that using stem cells to regenerate hair follicles could be a promising treatment for hair loss, but there are still challenges to overcome before it can be used clinically.

Hair extensions can improve self-esteem but may cause hair loss if used improperly.

A mutation in the KRT82 gene is significantly associated with Alopecia Areata.