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Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause serious skin problems that need careful management.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway effectively treats several inflammatory skin diseases.

Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.

The drug IPI-926 is safe at 160 mg daily and may help treat certain tumors, especially basal cell carcinoma.

TGF-β signaling is crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and has implications for cancer treatment.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling controls cell development and repair, and its malfunction can cause disorders and cancer, but it also offers potential for targeted therapies.

FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway helps tissue regeneration but can also cause fibrosis, and drugs that inhibit this pathway may aid in healing skin and heart tissues.

NF-κB is crucial for zebrafish heart repair, affecting heart cell growth and repair processes.

The article concludes that while we understand a lot about how melanocytes age and how this can prevent cancer, there are still unanswered questions about certain pathways and genes involved.

Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

Advanced nanocarrier and microneedle drug delivery methods are more effective, safer, and less invasive for treating skin diseases.

Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.

Certain immune system proteins are important for skin healing but can cause problems if there are too many of them.

Toll-like receptors are important for wound healing, but can slow it down in diabetic wounds.

There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.

Graft-versus-host disease is a complication where donor immune cells attack the recipient's body, often affecting the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract.

Acne significantly affects mental health and quality of life, with research suggesting hormonal and genetic factors in its development and emphasizing early treatment to prevent scarring.

Tcf3 helps cells move and heal wounds by controlling lipocalin 2.

TGFβ's manipulation of inflammation and immune cells affects cancer spread, suggesting new treatment strategies and biomarkers.

Ginseng may help treat cancer and reduce treatment side effects, but more research is needed.

Germacrone from Curcuma aeruginosa may help treat conditions related to male hormones by blocking a specific enzyme.

Hormonal therapies are safe and effective for treating adult women's acne.

Microneedle arrays with nanotechnology show promise for painless drug delivery through the skin but need more research on safety and effectiveness.

Drug repurposing is a cost-effective way to find new uses for existing drugs, speeding up treatment development.

Special immune cells called Tregs can help prevent lung scarring by blocking a specific growth factor.

The TCL1 transgenic mouse model is useful for understanding human B-cell leukemia and testing new treatments.