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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

Hormone imbalances can cause skin diseases, and understanding these links is important for diagnosis and treatment.

The document concludes that understanding the genes and pathways involved in hair growth is crucial for developing treatments for hair diseases.

Human hair follicles produce and respond to erythropoietin, helping protect against stress.

Some growth factors, while important for normal body functions, can cause diseases when not regulated properly.

Parathyroid hormones are important for hair growth, but their use in treating hair loss from chemotherapy is still uncertain.

Gray hair can potentially be reversed, leading to new treatments.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

Skin issues can indicate immune system problems.

A compound named ZCZ90 can increase muscle spindle firing, potentially helping treat muscle spasms and hypertension.

Free fatty acids in sebum boost skin's defense against acne by increasing antimicrobial peptides.

Melatonin helps regulate sleep and may aid in treating various health issues.

Mutations in NIPAL4 cause skin issues by disrupting lipid layers, but some improvement is seen with topical treatment.

Exosomes from stem cells may help rejuvenate skin and regrow hair, but more research is needed.

New tools show that in fish, NPY increases feeding and somatostatin decreases it.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is important for body functions and diseases, and targeting it may treat conditions like cancer, but with safety challenges.

New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.

HSPGs help control stem cell behavior, affecting hair growth and offering a target for hair loss treatments.

Exosomes could be key in treating skin conditions and healing wounds.

Cadmium chloride pollution can cause skin disorders, speed up aging, and prevent hair growth.

Parathyroid hormone-related protein helps control hair growth phases in mice.

Genetic mutations can cause hair growth disorders by affecting key genes and signaling pathways.

Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

PTHrP and its receptor can control blood vessel growth and hair development in mouse skin.

Eph/ephrin signaling is important for skin cell behavior and could be targeted to treat skin diseases.

The hair follicle infundibulum plays a key role in skin health and disease, and understanding it better could lead to new skin disease treatments.

Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.

Genetic mutations cause various hair diseases, and whole genome sequencing may reveal more about these conditions.