The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.
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March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine” PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.
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October 1999 in “EMBO journal” Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.
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August 2017 in “Nature cell biology” Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.
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February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.
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August 1985 in “Endocrinology” Different animals have unique versions of the enzyme that changes testosterone into another hormone, which is important for creating effective treatments for prostate and hair loss conditions.
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April 2019 in “ACS nano” A new microneedle patch made from hair proteins helps regrow hair faster and better than current treatments.
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March 2017 in “Cell host & microbe” Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.
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September 2011 in “Cell stem cell” Hair follicle stem cells use specific chromatin changes to control their growth and differentiation.
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February 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.
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January 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.
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March 2012 in “BMC biology” Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.
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November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Low iron levels may be linked to some types of hair loss in women.
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August 2002 in “Survey of Ophthalmology” Latanoprost can make eyelashes longer, thicker, and darker.
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July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
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April 1994 in “Clinical endocrinology” Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.
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December 2012 in “Cell Stem Cell” TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.
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August 2003 in “Journal Of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular And Developmental Evolution” Understanding hair growth involves complex interactions between molecules and could help treat hair disorders.
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November 2018 in “Nature Communications” The Sonic hedgehog pathway is crucial for new hair growth during mouse skin healing.
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May 2008 in “Cancer Science” Cancer cells often have more copies of TERT and TERC genes, which helps them grow and could affect patient outcomes.
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February 2014 in “Journal of Advanced Research” Vitamin D is important for skin health and may affect conditions like psoriasis and hair loss, but more research is needed to understand its role fully.
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June 2019 in “Stem Cells and Development” Periodontal ligament stem cells show promise for regrowing tissues but require more research for safe, effective use.
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January 2010 in “Biomedical research” Low oxygen conditions increase the hair-growing effects of substances from fat-derived stem cells by boosting growth factor release.
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August 2012 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects” TGF-β signaling is crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and has implications for cancer treatment.
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January 2015 in “Journal of Biological Rhythms” The skin's internal clock affects healing, cancer risk, aging, immunity, and hair growth, and disruptions can harm skin health.
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June 2008 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.
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August 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.
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July 2012 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Targeting androgen receptors could be a promising way to treat skin disorders with fewer side effects.
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July 2005 in “The FASEB journal” Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.