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This study identified two types of hard alpha-keratin filament assemblies in developing human hair follicles, which may help investigate the structural framework of mammalian keratin appendages.

This review discusses the roles of glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptors, and it explores potential genetic and non-genetic causes of glucocorticoid resistance or hypersensitivity syndromes, reporting no new clinical results.

This review discusses the molecular differences between male and female responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlights the lack of specific guidelines for altering sex-specific COVID-19 prognoses.

This study found that human hair follicles can function like a peripheral hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, synthesizing cortisol in response to corticotropin-releasing hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation.

This study found that Acanthus ebracteatus extract and verbascoside induced dermal papilla cell proliferation and reduced inflammatory cytokine release in vitro, suggesting potential for anti-hair loss applications.

This study found that hypospadias in male children is significantly associated with genetic polymorphisms in the Steroid 5 alpha reductase type 2 gene, higher parental age, consanguinity, rural residence, and preterm labor, with maternal age and rural residence being the strongest independent predictors.

This study found that androgen impacted glucocorticoid signaling in the mouse brain only in the prefrontal cortex and substantia nigra, suggesting limited interaction between these hormones at high corticosterone levels.

This review discusses how aging affects hair follicle stem cells and their environment, contributing to hair loss, and explores strategies to promote hair regrowth, but reports no new results.

Among a Han Chinese cohort, this study found that a higher genetic risk score was linked to increased susceptibility to BPH, larger prostate size, reduced effectiveness of 5ARI treatment, and a higher risk of undergoing TURP.

In this study, researchers found that using a 5-α reductase inhibitor may reduce inflammation-related cytokines associated with T-helper cell 1 and T-helper cell 2 in prostate tissues after surgery, but it did not affect those related to Th17 cells.

Finasteride and dutasteride's effects are mainly due to target binding saturation and slow enzyme turnover.

Alopecia treatments like 5α-reductase inhibitors and spironolactone are safe for breast cancer patients and high-risk women.

This study found that in male Wistar rats, finasteride administration reduced neural cellular activity markers and 5-alpha reductase type 2 expression in brain tissue, with some recovery occurring after drug withdrawal, unlike persistent 5-alpha reductase type 2 suppression.

This review found that oral minoxidil, particularly in low doses, is effective and safe for treating various types of hair loss, including androgenic alopecia, and may offer advantages over other treatments, such as improved convenience and enhancement of male sexual function.

This review discusses the current status of genetic research on male-pattern hair loss and reports no new findings, outlining significant achievements and future challenges in understanding its biology and treatment.

This review explores the effects of caffeine on cancer, cardiovascular, immunological, inflammatory, and neurological diseases, including its use in sports, and discusses advancements in caffeine delivery through novel nanocarrier-based formulations.

This review provides an overview of caffeine's effects on cancer, cardiovascular, immunological, inflammatory, and neurological diseases, highlighting both its potential benefits, such as neuroprotection and anti-aging, and possible adverse effects like elevated blood pressure, anemia, and migraine.

This study found that Asparagus racemosus root extract significantly reduced facial sebum production and pore size in male volunteers, suggesting potential application as an anti-sebum ingredient in cosmetics.

This article reviews in-vitro and cell-free methods for assessing the efficacy of herbal ingredients in cosmetic formulations for skin health and hair growth, but it reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the unique clinical features, challenges in diagnosis, and treatment protocols of frontal fibrosing alopecia in men, noting the overlap with other types of alopecia and the need for further studies.

This review discusses various therapeutic options for frontal fibrosing alopecia and highlights the need for more research, as existing data are largely retrospective and lack precise treatment guidelines.

This review outlines the functional anatomy, pathology, and molecular mechanisms of androgenetic alopecia, emphasizing the need for multi-omics approaches to better understand this condition's biology.

In this paper, the authors detailed the role of 5-α-reductase in male androgenetic alopecia and discussed potential inhibitors like saw palmetto extracts, suggesting further investigation into their effects on hair follicles and associated biological processes.

This review found that intralesional corticosteroid injections and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors were reported as the most effective treatments for frontal fibrosing alopecia, with oral isotretinoin showing promise for facial papule improvement.

This review explores the potential impact of hormonal changes during aging on benign prostate hyperplasia-related urinary symptoms and metabolic syndrome, highlighting the hypothesis of a male PCOS-equivalent but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, nandrolone decanoate treatment in rats caused persistent diestrus and altered steroid receptor expression and sex hormones, especially at higher doses, with partial reversibility at lower doses over time.

This study found that, despite confirming MC1R expression and functional cAMP signalling, α-MSH treatment did not alleviate UVA-induced stress in adult dermal fibroblasts, suggesting that α-MSH-MC1R may not directly protect against UVA-induced photoaging in these cells.

This study found that human keratinocytes express a sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter for biotin, pantothenic acid, and lipoic acid, including a highly specific biotin transport component.

This study found that chronic low-grade inflammation exists independently of excess weight or obesity in women with PCOS, with notable increases in specific cytokines such as IL-9, MCP-3, and MIP-1α.

This review explores the potential of self-amplifying RNA technology for protein replacement therapy in various health disorders but reports no new experimental results, indicating challenges remain for clinical approval.