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Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling controls cell development and repair, and its malfunction can cause disorders and cancer, but it also offers potential for targeted therapies.

The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

Daily subcutaneous testosterone effectively restores testosterone levels in men.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Finasteride reduces dihydrotestosterone, increases testosterone, and may treat hirsutism in women.

The man's fatigue and erectile dysfunction were improved by treating his obesity-related low testosterone without needing testosterone replacement.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.

Menopausal women have higher androgen levels, which can cause symptoms like facial hair growth and low sexual desire.

Irregular menstrual cycles in exercising women may be linked to energy deficiency or hormonal imbalances, requiring careful diagnosis for proper treatment.

Most women with too much androgens have PCOS, which can be managed with birth control pills, medication for hair growth, and fertility treatments, and losing weight helps too.

Hormones control reproduction and are crucial for body balance.

Hirsutism in women often indicates a hormonal imbalance and can be managed with a combination of hormonal treatments and hair removal methods.

Finasteride reduces hairiness and androgen levels in women with unexplained excessive hair growth.

For women with moderate to severe unwanted hair growth or acne, birth control pills are the first choice, with other medications like cyproterone, spironolactone, flutamide, or finasteride as alternatives, and permanent hair removal should be done with electrolysis or laser.

The Beverly Hills Diet is unscientific, potentially harmful, and could cause serious health issues.

The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.

The patient's high testosterone was reduced by a medication that suppresses gonadotropin.

A 36-year-old person with a female appearance but male chromosomes was diagnosed with a rare enzyme deficiency affecting sexual development.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

Hormonal treatment is effective for women with acne not helped by usual treatments, especially if they have hormonal imbalances.

Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.

Taking oral testosterone with finasteride or dutasteride doubles testosterone levels, and food slightly affects it.

Long-term use of finasteride and dutasteride can cause serious health issues like diabetes and liver problems.

The document explains how male reproductive hormones work and affect the body.

Lack of sleep in mice leads to prostatitis by reducing certain hormones and activating an inflammatory pathway, which can be temporarily fixed with normal sleep.

Mice without the enzyme HSD17B3 still produce normal testosterone, suggesting they have different ways to make it compared to humans.

Menopause and aging can affect women's quality of life and sexuality, but hormone therapies may help alleviate these issues.

Androgens are important for normal ovarian function and estrogen production, but may not be the main cause of follicle death.