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Ovarian drilling surgery is not clearly better than medical treatments for PCOS symptoms.

Genetic counselors should be culturally skilled and aware of transgender patients' unique health risks and needs.

Non-binary transgender individuals need personalized hormonal treatments for better well-being and quality of life.

Cyproterone acetate with ethinyl estradiol is effective for treating skin symptoms related to high androgen levels, like in PCOS.

Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

The document advises health care providers on how to support transgender and gender-diverse youth with appropriate care and referrals.

The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.

The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

GnRH analogues are effective for diagnosing and treating female androgen excess, offering a non-surgical option.

The French Endocrine Society suggests diagnosing PCOS with two of three signs, recommends lifestyle changes and clomiphene for treatment, and calls for more research on certain treatments and tests.

Early puberty is more common in girls and African-American children, possibly due to nutrition, obesity, stress, and environmental factors, and is treated with hormone therapy.

Removing both ovaries treated the woman's excess male hormone symptoms.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Triple Hormonal Blockade (ADT3) can effectively manage prostate cancer but requires careful monitoring for heart risks.

Treatment with a hormone agonist can reduce excess male hormones in postmenopausal women without surgery.

The nafarelin test can reliably distinguish between gonadotropin deficiency and delayed puberty in teenage boys.

A pineal tumor caused a boy's early puberty, which changed from peripheral to central after treatment.

Certain maturity signs appear before and after the first release of sperm in boys.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Finasteride doesn't affect hormone levels in normal men.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Higher testosterone harms sperm motility, while higher estradiol improves sperm survival.

Higher testosterone and DHT levels are linked to hair loss in men, but not to prostate cancer risk.

The patient's high testosterone was reduced by a medication that suppresses gonadotropin.

The document says menstruation is important for women's health, discusses menstrual disorders, and suggests personalized treatment options.

Ovarian vein sampling helped diagnose rare ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and surgery to remove the tumors lowered the testosterone levels.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Accurate assessment of puberty using Tanner staging is crucial for identifying normal and abnormal development.