18 citations,
January 1996 in “Gynecologic and obstetric investigation” The oral contraceptive alone is the preferred treatment for hirsutism, as adding the GnRH analog showed no significant benefit.
5 citations,
October 2014 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Triptorelin helps evaluate hormone production in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors.
4 citations,
November 2018 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” GnRH analogue can help diagnose ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women when scans don't show the cause.
1 citations,
September 2023 in “JCEM case reports” GnRH analogues are effective for diagnosing and treating female androgen excess, offering a non-surgical option.
4 citations,
January 1991 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” Goserelin and oestradiol treatment slightly improved hairiness but did not significantly change sebum production or hair characteristics in mildly hirsute women.
January 2024 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Treating early puberty with hormone therapy may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults.
855 citations,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
108 citations,
February 2013 in “JAMA” Transgender treatment includes hormones and surgery, but long-term effects are unknown and counseling is needed.
50 citations,
May 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Non-binary transgender individuals need personalized hormonal treatments for better well-being and quality of life.
33 citations,
April 2015 in “Cochrane library” Some medicines can reduce excessive hair growth in women, but more research is needed to compare treatments and consider side effects.
31 citations,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
24 citations,
January 2010 in “Annales d'endocrinologie” For women with moderate to severe unwanted hair growth or acne, birth control pills are the first choice, with other medications like cyproterone, spironolactone, flutamide, or finasteride as alternatives, and permanent hair removal should be done with electrolysis or laser.
17 citations,
February 2020 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” Early medical support for transgender youth is important for their health, with low regret for gender-affirming hormone use and a need for knowledgeable care providers.
14 citations,
March 2022 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
9 citations,
January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.
8 citations,
January 1996 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Cyproterone acetate is the preferred treatment for women's hyperandrogenism when estrogen/progestogen use is safe.
2 citations,
November 2013 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hormones control reproduction and are crucial for body balance.
January 2013 in “Revista Clínica Española” A postmenopausal woman's increased male hormone levels were successfully treated with surgery.
November 2023 in “JCEM Case Reports” A postmenopausal woman's excess male hormone symptoms improved after her ovaries were removed.
November 2023 in “Scientific reports” The research identified and described a gene important for hormone conversion in endangered catfish, which varies in activity during different reproductive stages and after hormone treatment.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The study found that imaging might miss small ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and suggested using certain testosterone levels and treatment responses to identify these tumors.
Different drugs are used to manage breeding, prevent or end pregnancy, and treat reproductive issues in dogs and cats.
30 citations,
February 2016 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Some medications can reduce excessive hair growth in women, but more research is needed to find the best treatment combinations.
11 citations,
May 2003 in “Obstetrics and gynecology (New York. 1953. Online)/Obstetrics and gynecology” Hirsutism in women often indicates a hormonal imbalance and can be managed with a combination of hormonal treatments and hair removal methods.
1 citations,
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes modest feminization in transgender female adolescents, and works better with added estrogens.
October 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” A pineal tumor caused a boy's early puberty, which changed from peripheral to central after treatment.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects about 10% of women, is often linked to obesity and family history, and can cause irregular periods, fertility issues, and other symptoms. It's usually managed with lifestyle changes, weight loss, and medication.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
82 citations,
February 1989 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” A three-month treatment with a GnRH agonist significantly lowered androgen levels and 5α-reductase activity in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
70 citations,
March 2016 in “Urologic Clinics of North America” The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.