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Improving artificial vascular grafts requires better materials and surface designs to reduce blood clotting and support blood vessel cell growth.

Myo-inositol supplements may improve insulin sensitivity and help with conditions like PCOS and gestational diabetes, but more research is needed.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

Removing part of the vitamin D receptor stops vitamin D from working properly.

The research shows that a gene called Wnt3 affects hair growth and structure, causing short hair and balding when overactive.

Niosomes improve minoxidil skin delivery for hair loss treatment.

Niosomes are a promising, stable, and cost-effective drug delivery system with potential for improved targeting and safety.

Mutations in the SRD5A3 gene cause a new type of glycosylation disorder by blocking the production of a molecule necessary for protein glycosylation.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

More dermal papilla cells in hair follicles lead to larger, healthier hair, while fewer cells cause hair thinning and loss.

Lecithin organogels could be good for applying drugs to the skin because they are stable, safe, and can improve drug absorption.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

Use minoxidil for hair loss; finasteride and dutasteride for men, dutasteride for women.

Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.

Fungi-produced compounds can change plant root growth.

Different animals have unique versions of the enzyme that changes testosterone into another hormone, which is important for creating effective treatments for prostate and hair loss conditions.

Skin cells produce and activate vitamin D, which regulates skin functions and supports hair growth.

Androgens can help prevent memory problems caused by apoE4.

Blood vessels and specific genes help turn cartilage into bone when bones heal.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

Caffeine in cosmetics may reduce cellulite, protect skin, and stimulate hair growth, but more research is needed on its use and effects.

Using CDK inhibitors on rats showed a reduction in chemotherapy-caused hair loss, but later experiments could not repeat these results.

Prolactin contributes to hair loss by promoting hair follicle shrinkage and cell death.

The skin's internal clock affects healing, cancer risk, aging, immunity, and hair growth, and disruptions can harm skin health.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

The research identified various cell types in mouse and human teeth, which could help in developing dental regenerative treatments.