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Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway effectively treats several inflammatory skin diseases.

Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease affecting about 2% of people, causing significant disability and often associated with mental health issues and other autoimmune conditions.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling controls cell development and repair, and its malfunction can cause disorders and cancer, but it also offers potential for targeted therapies.

New treatments for Alopecia Areata show promise but need to be more effective and affordable.

A WNT10A gene mutation leads to ectodermal dysplasia by disrupting cell growth and differentiation.

Mutations in the PADI3 gene are linked to a higher risk of scarring hair loss in women of African descent.

Oxidative stress affects hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia.

Melanocytes are crucial for skin pigmentation and can affect conditions like melanoma, vitiligo, and albinism, as well as hair color and hearing.

The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia are crucial for preventing serious health issues and improving patient outcomes.

Mice studies show that Protein Phosphatase 2A is crucial for cell growth, development, and disease prevention.

TNF family proteins are crucial for the development of skin features like hair, teeth, and mammary glands.

Mouse skin can produce and process serotonin, with variations depending on hair cycle, body location, and mouse strain.

Animal models have helped understand hair loss from alopecia areata and find new treatments.

Certain mutations in the H6PD gene cause Cortisone Reductase Deficiency by affecting hormone production.

Muscles and nerves that cause goosebumps also help control hair growth.

Sphynx cats are hairless and Devon Rex cats have curly hair due to specific genetic mutations.

Topical drugs and near-infrared light therapy show potential for treating alopecia.

The study identified and characterized new keratin genes linked to hair follicles and epithelial tissues.

PCOS affects women's health by increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and reproductive issues.

FFA's causes may include environmental triggers and genetic factors.

Noggin overexpression delays eyelid opening by affecting cell death and skin cell development.

Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.

A position effect on the TRPS1 gene causes excessive hair growth in humans and mice.

The conclusion is that individual differences in COVID-19 severity are influenced by factors like age, sex, race, and genetics, which are important for personalized medicine.

The document concludes that the skin's immune system is complex, involving interactions with hair follicles, nerves, and microbes, and can protect or cause disease, offering targets for new treatments.

A49T gene variant linked to higher prostate cancer risk, lower hormone levels, and slightly reduced balding risk.

The length of the CAG repeat in the androgen receptor gene affects the risk and progression of prostate cancer, BPH, infertility, and undermasculinized genitalia.

Mutations in the hairless gene in mice affect its expression and lead to a range of developmental issues in multiple tissues.

The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.