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This article discusses the structure of the human type II 5 alpha-reductase gene and reports no new experimental results.

This review summarizes the anatomical and physiological aspects of human hair and its clinical significance, but does not report new research findings.

This article reviews how various hormones may affect female sexual function and provides recommendations for diagnosing and treating endocrinologic sexual difficulties, but it reports no new clinical results.

Finasteride effectively blocks rat enzymes, but with varying methods and strength.

This review discusses the etio-pathogenetic factors in benign prostatic hyperplasia and their role in the development of lower urinary tract symptoms but reports no new research findings.

This study found that G protein-coupled estrogen receptor enhances melanin synthesis in melanoma cells through cAMP-PKA-MITF-TYR signaling, suggesting its potential as a drug target for chloasma treatment.

Finasteride helps regrow hair and shrink prostate by reducing DHT, with some sexual side effects.

This review discusses the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, but reports no new research results.

This article reviews the care of transgender patients, encompassing diagnosis, treatment options, and challenges in health care access, but does not present new research findings; the authors emphasize the critical role of providers in addressing transgender health needs.

This introduction highlights the impact of acne vulgaris on quality of life and the complexity of selecting effective treatments, but it presents no new clinical results.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

This study details the isolation and characterization of the human type II 5 alpha-reductase gene, which may play a role in male pseudohermaphroditism, prostate cancer, and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

This study found that both finasteride and flutamide effectively reduce hirsutism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome or idiopathic hirsutism, but flutamide was more effective.

This review discusses the physiological skin changes during pregnancy and reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the importance of distinguishing these changes from pathological conditions.

This paper discusses the use of dermatoscopy as a fast, noninvasive technique for diagnosing hair shaft disorders and reports no new results; the authors highlight its advantages over traditional microscopy methods.

This study observes the expression of mRNA for androgen receptor, 5α‐reductase, and 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human dermal papilla cells.

This study describes a new condition called scalp dysesthesia in 11 women, most of whom experienced symptom improvement with low-dose antidepressants.

This study found that parents identified with cryptic NCCAH through genetic testing are mostly asymptomatic but may experience temporary female infertility and require glucocorticoid stress coverage in specific circumstances.

This article reviews the use of finasteride for treating male pattern hair loss, highlighting its mechanism of action in reducing DHT and noting its safety profile with some common adverse effects.

This review examines the roles of Smad-4 and Smad-7 in hair follicle differentiation and development through BMP signaling and TGFβ/Activin/BMP pathway inhibition but reports no new experimental results.

This review discusses the genetics and variable phenotypic expression of nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and reports no new clinical results; the authors call for further research on long-term health impacts and treatment strategies.

This study found that finasteride decreased plasma dihydrotestosterone levels and altered steroid metabolism, similar to the profile of male pseudohermaphrodites with inherited 5a-reductase deficiency.

This study reports that oral spironolactone may be a useful and low-cost first-line treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa in women, with relatively few side effects.

This case report describes a patient with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome experiencing female pattern hair loss, suggesting that factors beyond direct androgen action may contribute to this condition in women.

This study demonstrates that patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia have a higher severity and frequency of male pattern baldness compared to a control group.

The study found that severe insulin resistance and premature diabetes are common in patients with PCNT genetic defects, primarily affecting those over four years old, while not impacting early insulin signaling in adipocytes.

This study found that the stratum corneum of scalp skin in humans has distinct functional characteristics compared to the facial skin and volar forearm, including higher hydration levels and intermediate epidermal turnover rates.

This review discusses the physiological changes in the female body during pregnancy, relating them to hormonal shifts, and comments on treatment considerations, but it presents no new research findings.

This study found that a combination therapy of Diane 35 with finasteride was more effective at reducing hirsutism scores in women with idiopathic hirsutism or polycystic ovary syndrome after 3 months compared to Diane 35 alone.

This review discusses normal skin changes during pregnancy such as pigmentary and glandular alterations, highlighting the need for physician awareness to avoid unnecessary treatments, and reports no new clinical findings.