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The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes are crucial for gene regulation, cell differentiation, and organ development in mammals.

Epidermal stem cells are diverse and vary in activity, playing key roles in skin maintenance and repair.

The peptide GHK-Cu helps heal and remodel tissue, improves skin and hair health, and has potential for treating age-related inflammatory diseases.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Guidelines for diagnosing common hair loss include detailed history, clinical examination, and various diagnostic techniques.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

Obesity worsens PCOS symptoms, and PCOS may lead to more weight gain; managing both requires a holistic approach that includes mental health.

Targeting androgen receptors could be a promising way to treat skin disorders with fewer side effects.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

Hair ages due to genetics and environmental factors, leading to graying and thinning, with treatments available for some conditions.

There are many treatments for permanent hair loss disorders, but their effectiveness varies and there's no clear best option.

Androgens can both stimulate and cause hair loss, and understanding their effects is key to treating hair disorders.

Hair elemental analysis could be useful for health and exposure assessment but requires more standardization and research.

Researchers found a specific immune receptor in patients that causes severe skin reactions to a drug.

Effective hair loss treatment in women requires correct diagnosis and can include medications like minoxidil, antiandrogens, and treatments for underlying conditions like PCOS.

Activin helps skin growth and healing mainly through stromal cells and affects keratinocytes based on its amount.

Inherited ichthyoses cause widespread skin scaling and thickening due to gene mutations.

SHISA6 helps maintain certain stem cells in mouse testes by blocking signals that would otherwise cause them to differentiate.

Some common medications can harm male fertility, but many effects can be reversed.

The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.

Niosomes are promising for skin drug delivery, offering benefits like improved drug penetration and stability.