11 citations
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September 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This study found that the incidence of hyperkalemia is low among transgender, gender nonbinary, and gender-nonconforming individuals, particularly those under 45, but increases with age.
9 citations
,
July 2024 in “Anaesthesia” Ensure respectful and inclusive care for transgender and gender-diverse patients during surgery.
2 citations
,
July 2024 in “International Journal of Transgender Health” This study reviewed literature on dermatological changes in transgender and gender diverse individuals during gender affirming medical transition, identifying risks like acne and hypertrophic scars, and provided tailored care recommendations for health professionals.
August 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Oral minoxidil can effectively treat hair loss in transgender and gender-diverse individuals.
October 2023 in “Paediatrics & child health” This document serves as a resource for pediatricians and primary care providers to guide gender-affirming health care for transgender and gender-diverse youth, including potential medical transition options.
September 2023 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article discusses the incidence of androgenetic alopecia in transgender and gender diverse patients undergoing gender affirming hormone therapy but presents no new clinical findings, highlighting a gap in large-scale studies.
April 2026 in “Dermatology and Therapy” This paper argues that androgenetic alopecia in transgender and gender-diverse individuals is clinically significant, suggesting individualized and gender-affirming treatment approaches, with oral minoxidil as a key therapy.
February 2023 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that transgender and gender diverse patients on masculinizing hormone therapy had 2.5 times the rate of androgenetic alopecia compared to cisgender women.
9 citations
,
July 2024 in “Internal Medicine Journal” This narrative review discusses the initiation and monitoring of gender-affirming hormone therapy in Australia, noting standard testosterone use for trans men and estradiol with anti-androgens for trans women, emphasizing the importance of monitoring cardiovascular and bone health.
April 2025 in “Current Pediatrics Reports” Transgender and gender-diverse teens need specialized skin and mental health care.
August 2024 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” This article highlights that in Australia, transgender and gender-diverse patients experience specific dermatological challenges during gender-affirming treatments, such as acne and patterned hair loss. It emphasizes the need for tailored dermatological care and guidance for these patients.
This article highlights the gap between medically necessary dermatologic gender-affirming procedures and insurance coverage for transgender and gender diverse service members in the US Military, and discusses how dermatologists can support gender-affirming care and address existing healthcare disparities.
November 2023 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” This review highlights the dermatological needs of transgender and gender diverse individuals in Australia, emphasizing the role of dermatologists in managing skin and hair conditions related to gender affirmation and hormone therapy.
17 citations
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February 2020 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” This review discusses medical interventions that reproductive health experts can provide to transgender and gender diverse youth and reports no new clinical results.
This study found that among transgender and gender diverse adults, facial hair is important for gender affirmation but often causes dissatisfaction and financial strain due to inadequate insurance coverage for hair care treatments.
May 2023 in “Journal of drugs in dermatology” Most transgender patients getting laser hair removal before gender-affirming surgery are already on hormone therapy, which might affect the hair removal process.
3 citations
,
February 2021 in “JAMA Dermatology” Masculinizing hormone therapy increases the risk of hair loss in transgender and gender-diverse patients.
1 citations
,
January 2024 in “Journal of the American Pharmacists Association” In this study of transgender and gender-diverse adults, the researchers observed that one-third of those on psychotropic medications within two years of starting hormone therapy experienced psychotropic polypharmacy, with a significantly higher likelihood of potential drug-hormone interactions in this group.
1 citations
,
February 2023 in “Journal of Athletic Training” This review discusses the role of athletic trainers in the medical affirmation and care of transgender and gender-diverse individuals, but it reports no new research findings; the authors emphasize the need for interprofessional collaboration.
4 citations
,
January 2022 in “Journal of Menopausal Medicine” This review discusses gender-affirming hormone therapies in South Korea, detailing the available treatment regimens and associated side effects, but reports no new clinical findings.
1 citations
,
October 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This review discusses treatment options for androgenetic alopecia in transgender and gender-diverse patients, highlighting first-line treatments like topical minoxidil and finasteride, but reports no new clinical results.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this retrospective chart review, researchers observed that estrogen monotherapy effectively suppressed testosterone levels below 50ng/dL in all transfeminine patients studied, particularly those using injectable formulations, though the small sample size and ongoing data collection limit these findings.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this retrospective study, among transfeminine patients aged 19-81 receiving gender-affirming estrogen therapy, 100% achieved testosterone suppression without anti-androgens when serum estradiol exceeded 100pg/mL, predominantly using injectable estrogen.
April 2024 in “Pediatric dermatology” This study found that dermatologic concerns such as acne, androgenic alopecia, and eczema are prevalent among transgender and gender-diverse youth at Boston Children's Hospital, with acne notably linked to testosterone use, but noted low dermatology referral rates.
July 2024 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” This study describes the creation and two-year experience of a pioneering dermatological practice exclusively serving transgender and non-binary patients to address their unique dermatological concerns and promote healthcare equity, based on a retrospective analysis of 114 patients at a public hospital.
January 2024 in “JMIR Dermatology” Few dermatology programs mention gender-affirming care, highlighting a need for better training and visibility.
August 2025 in “Journal of Affective Disorders” This study found that gender-diverse individuals experienced higher depression and anxiety levels alongside lower cortisol concentrations, resembling profiles typical in trauma and pain-related conditions.
September 2023 in “Repository of the University of Primorsk (University of Primorska)” This review discusses the side effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy and reports no clinical results; it highlights the potential to reduce adverse effect risk factors with healthy eating guidelines.
8 citations
,
September 2020 in “Journal of adolescent health” This review discusses strategies for maintaining access to gender-affirming care for gender diverse youth during the COVID-19 pandemic and reports no new clinical results.
5 citations
,
September 2021 in “Southern African Journal of Hiv Medicine” The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.