5 citations,
August 1987 in “Andrology” Men with low or no sperm count have lower salivary testosterone levels, and saliva testing can measure their testosterone well.
January 2020 in “International Journal of Research” High testosterone increases heart disease risk in women with PCOS.
124 citations,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
29 citations,
September 1983 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Men with hair loss have lower SHBG and higher saliva testosterone levels, suggesting increased androgen activity.
6 citations,
May 2016 in “Urolithiasis” Balding and low testosterone increase risk of urinary stones.
8 citations,
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenism didn't have better metabolic health even after their testosterone levels became normal.
October 2018 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Higher testosterone levels in Nigerian women with PCOS are linked to glucose disorders like diabetes.
506 citations,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
Toxoplasma gondii infection may increase testosterone levels in males.
December 2020 in “Journal of Skin and Sexually Transmitted Diseases” No strong link between testosterone or DHEAS levels and acne or hair loss in females.
40 citations,
March 1982 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Young women with diffuse hair loss may have low SHBG levels, which could lead to more active testosterone and contribute to their hair loss.
6 citations,
September 2012 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Honokiol might help reduce male skin aging by maintaining testosterone levels.
417 citations,
February 2004 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.
17 citations,
March 2016 in “Liver international” Men with advanced liver disease and high oestrone and low testosterone levels have worse health outcomes.
6 citations,
January 2020 in “The Aging Male” Testosterone replacement therapy improved blood sugar and fat levels without raising prostate cancer risk in Japanese men with low testosterone.
3 citations,
February 2018 in “Human Reproduction” A man with testotoxicosis was fertile despite low FSH levels, suggesting high testosterone may allow sperm production without FSH.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A young patient with unusual insulin resistance and high testosterone levels had a rare INSR gene mutation.
38 citations,
February 2005 in “The journal of sexual medicine” The testosterone patch and gel are both effective, but they have different absorption patterns and effects on hormone levels.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
8 citations,
March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
Increased free testosterone can lead to stronger bones and less body fat but also higher risks of prostate cancer, hair loss, spine issues, and high blood pressure.
104 citations,
March 2014 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” DHT may increase the risk of heart disease and death in elderly men.
49 citations,
February 2009 in “Maturitas” Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
9 citations,
June 2014 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Blood AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS than in those with other similar conditions.
5 citations,
April 2021 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Higher DHT levels are linked to fewer hypogonadism symptoms in men with normal testosterone levels.
4 citations,
January 2018 in “JBRA assisted reproduction” Orlistat helped reduce weight and testosterone in obese women with PCOS but did not significantly affect other androgens or cholesterol levels.
1 citations,
January 2016 in “Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology” The Free Androgen Index (FAI) is the best indicator of early hair loss in men before age 30.
October 2022 in “Linköping University medical dissertations” The method shows hair testosterone levels reflect those in saliva, but are affected by various factors and may indicate a risk for heart attack.
135 citations,
March 1984 in “Fertility and sterility” Higher levels of unbound testosterone are linked to increased insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.