research Immunological and Metabolic Causes of Infertility in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PCOS causes infertility mainly due to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.
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research Polymorphisms of the Androgen Receptor Gene and the Estrogen Receptor Beta Gene Are Associated with Androgen Levels in Women
Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
research Exogenous Testosterone Alone or With Finasteride Does Not Improve Measurements of Cognition in Healthy Older Men With Low Serum Testosterone
Testosterone with or without finasteride doesn't improve thinking skills in older men with low testosterone.
research Testosterone Therapy in Premenopausal Women
Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
research Impact of Testosterone on Hair and Skin
Testosterone can cause acne and male-pattern baldness, affects hair growth in men and women, and makes male skin more sensitive.
research Negative Impact of Testosterone Deficiency and 5α-Reductase Inhibitors Therapy on Metabolic and Sexual Function in Men
Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
research Testosterone Treatment in Women: An Overview
Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
research The Use of Testosterone After Menopause
Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
research Safety of Testosterone Treatment in Postmenopausal Women
Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
research Testosterone Improves Antidepressant-Emergent Loss of Libido in Women: Findings from a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Testosterone may help increase sexual events for women with low libido due to antidepressants.
research Testosterone-Like Immunoreactivity in Hair Measured in Minute Sample Amounts: A Competitive Radioimmunoassay with an Adequate Limit of Detection
The new test can measure very small amounts of testosterone in hair, and grinding the hair up first gives more accurate results.
research Cognitive Effects of Testosterone and Finasteride Administration in Older Hypogonadal Men
Testosterone improves mood and thinking skills; finasteride has no effect.
research The Evaluation and Treatment of Androgen Excess
High androgen levels can cause excessive hair growth and may indicate serious health issues, including heart disease and fertility problems.
research Androgens and Female Sexual Function and Dysfunction—Findings From the Fourth International Consultation of Sexual Medicine
Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
research Androgen Therapy in Women: A Reappraisal: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
research Physiology of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal Axis in the Male
The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.
research Targets to Treat Androgen Excess in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.
research Female Androgenic Alopecia
Women with low SHBG levels and a high 3a-diol G to SHBG ratio are likely to experience female pattern baldness, possibly due to a slight excess of androgens affecting sensitive hair bulbs.
research The Evaluation of Serum Vitamin D3 in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Case-Control Study
Low vitamin D levels are linked to increased risk of male pattern baldness.
research Abdominal Fat Quantity and Distribution in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Relation to Insulin Resistance
Women with PCOS often have more belly fat and higher insulin levels, but belly fat isn't the only cause of their insulin resistance.
research The Hirsute Woman: Challenges in Evaluation and Management
Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.
research Glycolipid and Hormonal Profiles in Young Men with Early-Onset Androgenetic Alopecia: A Meta-Analysis
Young men with early hair loss have slightly worse blood sugar and fat levels, suggesting possible health risks and need for monitoring.
research The Impact of Exogenous Vitamin D on Thyroid Autoimmunity in Euthyroid Men with Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Early-Onset Androgenic Alopecia
Vitamin D may help reduce antibody levels in men with autoimmune thyroiditis and early-onset androgenic alopecia, but has no significant impact on thyroid function.
research Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Rosuvastatin-Treated Men with Mixed Dyslipidemia and Early-Onset Androgenic Alopecia
Rosuvastatin improves lipid levels, reduces inflammation, but worsens insulin sensitivity in men with early-onset hair loss.
research Hormonal and Clinical Evaluation of Patients with Moderate Body Hair Growth
Women with moderate body hair have higher levels of certain hormones and may benefit from treatment that increases sex hormone-binding protein.
research Evidence-Based and Potential Benefits of Metformin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review
Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.
research Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Correlation Between Hyperandrogenism, Insulin Resistance, and Obesity
High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.
research Basics of Androgen Synthesis and Action
Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.
research Hormonal Parameters in Androgenetic Hair Loss in Males
Men with male pattern hair loss have different levels of certain hormones compared to men without hair loss.
research The Role of Antimullerian Hormone in the Hormonal Workup of Women with Persistent Acne
Women with persistent acne and high levels of antimullerian hormone are more likely to have polycystic ovarian syndrome.