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Both estrogens and androgens are important for health in both males and females.

A mutation in the IKZF1 gene causes immune system overactivity, linked to autoimmune diseases like lupus.

The model better predicts how water-loving and fat-loving substances move through the skin by including tiny pores and hair follicle paths.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia is a poorly understood condition with increasing cases and unclear treatment effectiveness.

Jagged1 and Epidermal Growth Factor together significantly increased hair growth in mice with androgen-suppressed hair.

A litter of cats had a hair condition similar to a mouse mutation, leading to hair loss and abnormal hair and skin.

The hair growth solution reduced hair loss and increased hair thickness in a small group of patients.

The stiffness of a wound affects hair growth during healing, with less stiff areas growing more hair.

An 8-year-old Saudi boy was diagnosed with a rare genetic disorder causing hair loss, skin issues, and light sensitivity.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in temporary hair loss, and stress is often a suspected cause.

Tavaborole is a safe and effective toenail fungus treatment, with the 5% solution being the best option.

Reflectance confocal microscopy can noninvasively diagnose onychomatricoma by showing unique features different from healthy nails or nail fungus.

Minoxidil can help grow hair and make hair follicles bigger, but it can also cause side effects.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Scalp reduction surgery is safe and effective for certain patients with hair loss, leading to dense hair coverage and high satisfaction.

Scientists found a way to grow human hair cells in a lab that can create new hair when transplanted.

Hair follicle transplantation can hide scars but often needs more than one surgery for better results.

Finasteride microspheres help reduce hair loss for up to eight weeks with fewer side effects.

Finasteride helps induce ovulation in nonresponder PCOS women.

SA linked to mitochondrial issues and oxidative stress, while AGA involves disrupted hair growth genes.

Surgical hair restoration involves moving hair from a non-balding area to a balding area, with the transplanted hair not subject to male pattern baldness. Medications can slow hair loss and regrow some hair, but successful treatment needs careful planning, skill, and ethical responsibility due to progressive hair loss and limited donor hair.

Hair follicle stem cells can turn into many cell types and may help repair nerve damage and have other medical uses.

The document concludes that various disorders can cause hair loss in dogs, each requiring different treatments, and some may heal on their own.

A Pug with skin issues was successfully treated for mite and bacterial infections.

The document concludes that non-endocrine alopecia in pets varies in treatment effectiveness and often has a poor prognosis, especially in cats.

The document concludes that permanent hair loss conditions are complex, require early specific treatments, and "secondary permanent alopecias" might be a more accurate term than "secondary cicatricial alopecia."

Alopecia X in dogs is a cosmetic issue, not a hormonal disorder, and harmful treatments should be avoided.

Androgens can both increase and decrease hair growth in different parts of the body.

Memory T cells in the skin balance staying put and moving into the blood, clustering around hair follicles, and increasing in number after infection.

Hair follicles may soon be used more for targeted and systemic drug delivery.