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Menopause causes significant changes in the vaginal introitus, but less so in the labia majora, which may lead to symptoms of vaginal atrophy.

Testosterone injections can cause skin darkening and thickening.

Eating healthy, exercising, and changing behaviors are the best first steps to treat Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).

Hormonal imbalances are a key cause of missed menstrual periods in women.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

Follistatin is important for hair growth and could help treat hair loss.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

The document describes a treatment for excessive hair growth in a teenage girl using medication and birth control, but does not report the results.

Tracnil™, a mix of myo-inositol, folic acid, and vitamin D3, safely reduced acne, improved excessive hair growth, and fixed irregular periods in overweight women with PCOS.

Oral finasteride and dutasteride may negatively affect erectile function in rats.

The conclusion is that endocrinology significantly impacts medicine with various common medications used for treatment.

The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.

Combination drug therapy is effective for hirsutism that doesn't improve with just one medication.

Future osteoporosis treatments should focus on increasing bone growth, with many promising options available.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Changing the diagnosis criteria for PCOS might miss women at risk for related health issues.

The document concludes that treating female hair loss should target reducing excess androgen and blocking its effects on hair follicles, with the best treatments being hormonal therapy, adrenal suppression, and topical minoxidil.

Updated treatments for female hair loss include minoxidil, antiandrogens, hair transplants, and light therapy.

Doctors should diagnose hair loss by examining the patient and possibly doing tests, and then treat it based on the type, which may prevent permanent hair loss.

Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.

Most women with hirsutism have it because of PCOS, and they need long-term treatment including medication and hair removal to improve their condition.

Hair loss led to the diagnosis of Cushing's disease in a patient, showing that hair loss can be a sign of hormonal disorders.

A PET-CT scan successfully located a hard-to-find Leydig cell tumor in a woman with hormonal symptoms.

Spironolactone may help treat excessive hair growth in girls, but more research is needed.

An unusual growth of Leydig cells in a woman's ovaries caused her excessive hair growth, which was treated successfully with surgery.

The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.

The document suggests new ways to assess and diagnose hyperandrogenism to improve accuracy.

Finasteride can have lasting negative effects on brain function and behavior by disrupting neurosteroid production.