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Photobiomodulation helps reduce pain, lessen inflammation, heal wounds, and can be used in skin treatments. It also boosts hair growth in women with hair loss and may help fight microbes and prevent respiratory issues in COVID-19.

Mesenchymal stem cells, especially injected into the skin, heal wounds faster and better than chitosan gel or other treatments.

Testosterone may have a dual role in COVID-19, potentially worsening outcomes in men, and testosterone therapy could help some patients, but more research is needed.

Melatonin stimulates the skin components of ram's scrotum during their non-breeding season.

Silver can help prevent and treat infections but its effectiveness varies and should be weighed against costs and side effects.

Overexpressing the mineralocorticoid receptor in mouse skin causes skin thinning, early skin barrier development, eye issues, and hair loss.

The protein StAR is found in 17 different organs and can affect hair loss and brain functions, but its full role is not yet fully understood.

Innovative methods are reducing animal testing and improving biomedical research.

Finasteride improves immune response and reduces organ damage after trauma hemorrhage in mice.

The skin microbiome helps heal wounds and can be targeted to improve healing.

Certain proteins, Lgr5 and Lgr6, are important markers of adult stem cells and are involved in tissue repair and cancer development.

Rhodococcus equi causes severe pneumonia in young foals, and effective vaccines are needed due to foals' weak immune responses.

Skin fat plays a key role in immune defense and healing beyond just storing energy.

Existing drug dexamethasone may lower death risk in severe COVID-19 cases; more research needed for other drugs.

Sex hormones may influence COVID-19 severity, with males at higher risk, and certain hormone therapies could potentially treat the virus.

Melatonin, the sleep hormone, can help treat skin conditions like dermatitis, hyperpigmentation, and scalp disorders, and may also aid in skin aging prevention and regeneration. However, it's not recommended for asthma due to its pro-inflammatory effect.

Chitosan, a natural substance, can be used to create tiny particles that effectively deliver various types of drugs, but more work is needed to improve stability and control of drug release.

COVID-19 and hypopituitarism (reduced pituitary gland function) are linked, with the latter's related health issues potentially worsening COVID-19 outcomes, and COVID-19 possibly increasing risk for pituitary complications.

Olfactory receptors found outside the nose may offer new treatments for diseases like cancer and help in wound healing and hair growth.

Environmental factors can cause mutations in skin proteins, leading to skin disorders.

Stem-cell therapy shows promise for skin conditions but needs more research.

The document concludes that understanding genetic mutations in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway can lead to better diagnosis and treatment for certain genetic skin disorders.

Cellular senescence has both cancer-blocking and cancer-promoting effects, and targeting senescent cells may improve health and lifespan.

Combining amino acid and stem cell therapy may help manage hepatocutaneous syndrome in dogs.

Men are more likely to have severe respiratory viral infections like COVID-19 due to hormonal and genetic differences, while women generally have stronger immune responses.

Placenta products might help with hair loss, but more research is needed.

Thallium poisoning from contaminated tortillas caused severe symptoms and was mostly fatal or led to long-term health issues.

A group has developed therapies that show promise for treating cancer and various other conditions.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Understanding the genetics of rare inherited ichthyosis syndromes is key for better treatments and genetic counseling.