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Effective treatments for male pattern baldness include oral finasteride and topical minoxidil, while topical minoxidil is best for female pattern baldness.

Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.

Facial feminization surgery is effective in helping transgender women appear more feminine and has high patient satisfaction.

Forehead modification greatly increases the perception of femininity and is a safe procedure.

Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

Smoking harms the skin, causing early aging and increasing cancer risk, but stopping smoking can improve skin health.

Finasteride lowers risk of urinary issues and surgery by over 50% in 4 years.

Smoking may contribute to hair loss in men.

PDRN helps repair tissue and improve wound healing with a high safety profile.

The document concludes that follicular unit transplantation offers more natural results and better graft survival than older hair transplant methods.

The coronal approach is effective and safe for reducing eye bulging in Graves' eye disease.

Progress has been made in skin and nerve regeneration, but more research is needed to improve methods and ensure safety.

Fat-derived stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, and biomaterials show promise for healing chronic skin wounds and improving soft tissue with few side effects.

European guidelines recommend regular eye and ear exams, skin care, vitamin D supplements, and cautious use of medications for managing congenital ichthyoses.

Platelet preparations generally show positive effects on wound healing and facial rejuvenation, but more thorough research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.

Hidradenitis suppurativa treatment should be tailored to the individual, with quitting smoking being important.

Most low-level light therapy studies did not accurately report how light was measured, affecting treatment reliability.

Orbital decompression surgery for Graves' orbitopathy caused double vision in 19% of patients, with similar rates for two surgical methods.

Apoptosis is crucial for healthy skin and treating skin diseases.

Tattooing helps treat skin conditions, reconstruct nipple-areola, mark radiation fields, and locate lesions.

Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.

Children's hair grows in different types from before birth through puberty, with growth rates and characteristics varying by age, sex, and race.

Burn reconstruction improves with new techniques, materials, and tissue engineering.

Different hair care practices and conditions affect African American hair and scalp health, requiring specialized knowledge for treatment.

New methods to improve the healing abilities of mesenchymal stem cells for disease treatment are promising but need more research.

Botox increased hair count in men with baldness and might work by improving scalp blood flow.

Wounds on the face usually heal with scars, but understanding how some wounds heal without scars could lead to better treatments.

Exosomes can improve skin health and offer new treatments for skin repair and rejuvenation.

The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.