46 citations,
June 2013 in “Journal of structural biology” High glycine–tyrosine keratin-associated proteins help make hair strong and maintain its shape.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
13 citations,
May 2001 in “Current problems in dermatology” Keratin proteins in epithelial cells are dynamic and crucial for cell processes and disease understanding.
November 2023 in “Advanced Science” A specific hair protein variant increases the spread of breast cancer and is linked to worse survival rates.
9 citations,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
4 citations,
September 2019 in “Biomedical Papers/Biomedical Papers of the Faculty of Medicine of Palacký University, Olomouc Czech Republic” CD2 might be a new treatment target for patchy alopecia areata.
July 2021 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open” Radiation therapy in breast cancer patients changes gene expression related to DNA damage, fibroblast growth, and hair follicle development, which could help improve treatment for radiation-induced fibrosis.
January 2009 in “Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakaishi/Journal of S C C./Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakai kaishi” Curved human hair has different structures on each side, which might cause its shape and is similar to wool.
9 citations,
November 2020 in “The FASEB journal” Intermediate filaments are crucial for cell differentiation and stem cell function.
37 citations,
October 2015 in “PeerJ” Perming significantly changes hair's molecular structure, while shampoo and conditioner do not.
24 citations,
November 2015 in “Scientific reports” Human hair has a new region with ordered filaments and the cuticle contains β-keratin sheets.
1 citations,
December 2012 in “PubMed” Permanent wave treatment with thioglycolic acid changes hair structure by altering disulfide bonds.
28 citations,
April 1996 in “Cell biology international” Changes in keratin affect skin health and can lead to skin disorders like blistering diseases and psoriasis.
18 citations,
November 2010 in “Journal of morphology” Antler velvet hair and body hair of red deer have different structures that help with protection and insulation.
31 citations,
August 2005 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology” The study concluded that PKP1 is essential for skin integrity and hair growth, and its dysfunction causes the symptoms of ectodermal dysplasia/skin fragility syndrome.
2 citations,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Washing permed hair after using thioglycolic acid helps reform strong bonds, making hair stronger.
4 citations,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Hair and wool strength is affected by the number and type of bonds in their protein structures, with hair having more protein aggregates than wool.
6 citations,
January 2015 in “Biochemical Society Transactions” The Ysc84/SH3yl1 protein family is important for cell movement and the process of taking in materials by interacting with actin and cell membranes.
87 citations,
July 2009 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Human beard hair medulla contains a unique and complex mix of keratins not found in other human tissues.
17 citations,
February 2015 in “Cell Death and Disease” Inhibiting AP1 in mice skin causes structural changes and weakens the skin barrier.
1 citations,
June 2022 in “Gene reports” The analysis found genes linked to skin and hair development are more active in Pashmina goats, which may explain their long-fiber production.
13 citations,
July 2017 in “Biopolymers” Recombinant keratins can form useful structures for medical applications, overcoming natural keratin limitations.
62 citations,
December 2008 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair curvature in Japanese people is linked to specific cell types and filament arrangements in the hair cortex.
19 citations,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
2 citations,
August 2020 in “Scientific reports” Genes related to keratin, skin cell differentiation, and immune functions are key in hedgehog skin and spine development.
26 citations,
April 2019 in “Genes” lncRNA XLOC_008679 and gene KRT35 affect cashmere fineness in goats.
25 citations,
November 2020 in “Experimental eye research/Experimental Eye Research” Different types of cells in the eye express specific keratins at various stages of development.
54 citations,
January 2018 in “Scientific reports” Human hair contains diverse proteins, including keratins and histones, which could help assess hair health and aging.
72 citations,
July 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mice lacking a key DNA methylation enzyme in skin cells have a lower chance of activating stem cells necessary for hair growth, leading to progressive hair loss.
62 citations,
October 2018 in “Journal of pathology” Keratin 17 is linked to various diseases, including cancer and skin conditions, and may be a target for diagnosis and treatment.