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The conclusion is that metformin is a first-line treatment for PCOS, particularly for restoring ovulation and increasing pregnancy rates, with other treatments depending on specific symptoms.

The document says PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, diagnosed by certain criteria, and managed with lifestyle changes and various medications.

Most patients with PCOS were prescribed medroxyprogesterone acetate or oral contraceptives, with some experiencing side effects or needing prescription changes.

GnRH analogues are effective for diagnosing and treating female androgen excess, offering a non-surgical option.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Pediatric endocrinologists should provide early fertility counseling and preservation options to young patients at risk of infertility.

Healthcare providers should start with simple fertility tests and treatments before referring patients to specialists.

Testosterone replacement therapy can prevent men from fathering children and should not be used by those wanting to stay fertile.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common disorder causing symptoms like acne and infertility, and it's managed based on symptoms, not just test results. Treatment can improve fertility and reduce miscarriage risk.

Some skin medications can harm male fertility, but they don't seem to cause birth defects from father's exposure.

Finasteride reduces hair growth better, but spironolactone has more side effects.

Some dermatological medications can impair male fertility, so consult a doctor before trying to conceive.

Managing PCOS is hard because it varies a lot, treatments are limited, and there's a lot of false information online.

Use antiandrogens and other treatments for hair loss.

Birth control pills help treat skin and hair growth problems linked to high male hormone levels.

There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.

Inclusive and affirming healthcare is essential for improving transgender individuals' quality of life and health.

Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.

Products should be called 'sperm-safe' only after thorough, well-designed tests.

Prenatal stress changes how male and female rats enjoy rewards differently, linked to sex hormones.

Ovulation disorders are a major cause of infertility and menstrual problems in women.

Changing the diagnosis criteria for PCOS might miss women at risk for related health issues.

Hibiscus plant extracts may have health benefits like lowering blood pressure and protecting the heart.

Infertile men are more likely to produce sperm with abnormal chromosome numbers, which can affect pregnancy success and embryo health.

Thai regional hospitals need more resources for better efficiency, and investment in quality could help Thailand become a medical tourism hub.

Testosterone replacement is recommended for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism.

Urologic diseases and treatments in older men can negatively affect fertility, and doctors should talk to patients about this.

Finasteride causes lasting fertility decrease in rats.

Finasteride doesn't harm male fertility or sperm quality, but may slightly reduce ejaculate volume.

Women with PCOS often have irregular periods, a higher chance of infertility and miscarriages, and may improve fertility with lifestyle changes and treatment.