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Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Reproductive gynecologists are the main referrers for male infertility evaluations in North America.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

DA-9401 helps protect rat testis from finasteride damage.

Some patients with high prolactin levels don't show symptoms because they have a form of the hormone that's less active.

Finasteride helps induce ovulation in nonresponder PCOS women.

The study found that prescribing patterns for Cyproterone Acetate/Ethinylestradiol in Italy did not significantly change after EMA recommendations.

Female relatives of PCOS patients have a higher chance of showing PCOS symptoms.

Women with PCOS have higher oxidative stress and hormone imbalances, suggesting managing oxidative stress could help.

Spironolactone reduced hair thickness and some testosterone levels in women with excessive hair growth.

Treatments for enlarged prostate can cause problems with ejaculation, and less invasive options might preserve sexual function better.

PCOS patients have more central body fat, which can be effectively measured using DEXA.

5α reductase inhibitors treat hair loss but may cause sexual side effects and risks.

Finasteride doesn't change rat testicle weight or sperm production.

Spironolactone improved blood vessel function and cholesterol levels in non-obese women with PCOS.

The combination of cyproterone acetate and testosterone enanthate is highly effective in preventing sperm production and could be a good reversible male contraceptive.

Cell-based therapies using dermal papilla cells and adipocyte lineage cells show potential for hair regeneration.

Leucaena leucocephala is nutritious but needs careful processing to remove toxins.

The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.

Using 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss can cause lasting sexual, physical, mental, and vascular health issues in men, even after stopping the medication.

Most women with excess male hormones have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and hormonal therapy can improve symptoms but may cause side effects.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is challenging and should use strict criteria to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary worry.

Matriptase is crucial for keeping epithelial tissues healthy and functioning properly.

Obesity increases the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome, and weight loss can improve the condition.

The document concludes that hirsutism is the main sign for diagnosing hyperandrogenism, which requires a detailed patient history and physical exam.

Women with PCOS often experience anxiety, depression, and a lower quality of life.

Oral retinoids can cause side effects ranging from mild to severe, including birth defects, and require careful monitoring and contraception.

The research found that anovulatory young women have higher androgen and hormone levels than those who ovulate, suggesting immature hormonal regulation rather than a specific condition.

Azathioprine's effectiveness and safety require careful monitoring and more research, especially regarding its use with corticosteroids and the role of TPMT status in patients.

Alopecia is linked to various health and mental conditions, impacts life quality, and needs medical attention beyond its cosmetic effects.