6 citations
,
January 2019 in “F1000Research” This study found that triglycerides, testosterone, and SHBG levels were associated with hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS, while FGS was not linked to this condition.
22 citations
,
January 2019 in “Endocrinology and metabolism” This study found that among Filipino women, a modified Ferriman-Gallwey score of 7 or above indicates hirsutism and is significantly associated with elevated calculated free testosterone.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “Baghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences” In this study, among Iraqi women with hirsutism, researchers found no significant differences in hormonal markers compared to healthy controls, but identified a strong association between the modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) score and hirsutism, highlighting the mFG score's utility in diagnosing the condition.
1 citations
,
January 2024 in “Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that self-assessed mFG and Hirsuta scores have low specificity for diagnosing hirsutism in clinical settings, though they may still be useful for screening in epidemiological studies.
3 citations
,
October 2021 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” This study found that evaluating terminal hair growth on the chin, thighs, and either the upper lip or lower abdomen could streamline the modified Ferriman-Gallwey scoring, aiding hirsutism diagnosis under pandemic conditions.
2 citations
,
January 2013 in “Türkiye klinikleri tıp bilimleri dergisi” This study found that a modified Ferriman-Gallwey score of 11 may be appropriate for diagnosing hirsutism in Turkish women, but should be adjusted based on individual factors like age, skin type, and family history.
150 citations
,
February 2008 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” This study suggests that antiandrogens may slightly reduce hirsutism severity compared to placebo, but evidence is weak and their relative efficacy remains uncertain.
56 citations
,
April 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” This study found that while cyproterone acetate, finasteride, and spironolactone had similar short-term effects in treating idiopathic hirsutism, spironolactone provided more lasting benefits one year after treatment.
55 citations
,
March 2000 in “American journal of clinical dermatology” Antiandrogens, particularly flutamide and CPA, are most effective for treating hirsutism, with long-term use needed for best results.
52 citations
,
January 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study observed that finasteride and spironolactone both led to a similar significant, but limited, improvement in hirsutism despite their differing effects on androgen levels.
38 citations
,
May 2006 in “Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics” This study reported that women with PCOS had higher levels of certain hormones and lower SHBG levels compared to non-PCOS women with similar symptoms, highlighting a less favorable endocrine profile in PCOS cases.
35 citations
,
July 2008 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” This study found that medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment in women with PCOS reduced hyperandrogenism-related hormonal levels and improved skin conditions without affecting lipid or carbohydrate metabolism.
32 citations
,
October 2003 This review reports that 100 mg/day spironolactone improved hair growth more than placebo and was more effective in reducing hair growth than finasteride and low-dose cyproterone acetate, but its effectiveness for acne remains unclear due to small sample sizes.
30 citations
,
February 2016 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” This review found moderate to very low-quality evidence that spironolactone, flutamide, and cyproterone acetate combined with oral contraceptives may reduce hirsutism more effectively than placebo or metformin, though results vary among other treatments.
30 citations
,
April 1997 in “European journal of endocrinology” The document concludes that managing hirsutism involves identifying the cause, using a scoring system for severity, combining cosmetic and medical treatments, encouraging weight loss, and providing psychological support, while noting the need for more research on drug treatments.
18 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy” This study found that an 8-week low-starch/low-dairy diet led to weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
16 citations
,
April 2007 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” In this study, serum PSA levels were higher in women with PCOS, suggesting it may serve as a marker for hyperandrogenism in this condition.
10 citations
,
September 2015 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” In this study, spironolactone and spironolactone plus metformin both significantly reduced hirsutism scores in women with PCOS, but the combination therapy was not more effective than spironolactone alone regarding BMI, hormone levels, or insulin resistance.
10 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that transgender men using testosterone therapy had higher rates of acne and increased body hair growth, resembling male patterns more closely than those not on testosterone.
5 citations
,
October 2018 in “Medical Science Monitor” This study concluded that PCOS patients, regardless of weight, have significantly lower serum amylin levels than healthy BMI-matched controls, while serum preptin levels did not vary significantly between groups.
3 citations
,
January 2024 in “Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira” In this study, the authors reported that depression and anxiety are more prevalent in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to healthy women, reinforcing the need for routine mental health screening in this population.
2 citations
,
December 2016 in “Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology” This study found that serum androgen levels were associated with the severity of hirsutism in women, with significantly higher levels observed in those with moderate to severe hair growth.
1 citations
,
October 2012 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” This review discusses androgenization symptoms like hirsutism, alopecia, and acne in reproductive-age women, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and highlights postmenopausal considerations, but presents no new clinical findings.
April 2024 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal” In this study of infertile Indonesian women with PCOS, researchers found no correlation between hirsutism, body measurements, and sexual dysfunction scores, but noted that hirsutism may be linked to higher anxiety levels.
September 2023 in “Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College/Journal Rawalpindi Medical College” This study found that oral contraceptive pills containing cyproterone acetate and drospirenone were more effective at reducing hirsutism in women with PCOS than those containing levonorgestrel over a 6-month period.
December 1999 in “Evidence-based obstetrics and gynecology/Evidence-based obstetrics & gynecology” Flutamide worked better than finasteride for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but had more side effects.
September 1997 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Hirsute women with ovarian-sourced hirsutism are more likely to have irregular periods, with higher BMI and altered hormone ratios.
75 citations
,
November 2007 in “Clinical endocrinology” This study found that several drugs, including flutamide and spironolactone, significantly reduced hirsutism in women, with reduced effectiveness in those with higher BMI.
378 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that the prevalence of PCOS in a population of unselected U.S. women was 4.0%, with no significant racial differences between White and Black women.
192 citations
,
September 2003 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” This study suggests that metformin may be more effective than Dianette in treating moderate to severe hirsutism in women with PCOS, while also reducing markers of insulin resistance.