90 citations
,
August 2002 in “European journal of endocrinology” This study found that metformin treatment significantly improved hair growth in women with PCOS and hirsutism compared to a placebo.
13 citations
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June 2018 in “Journal of Womens Health” This study found that in women with PCOS, suppressive therapy using spironolactone plus oral contraceptives improved hirsutism more effectively than either treatment alone, with initial scores predicting success.
13 citations
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January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology” In this study, idiopathic hirsutism was identified as the most common cause of hirsutism among the participants, with a significant difference in hormone levels between cases of polycystic ovarian syndrome and idiopathic hirsutism.
110 citations
,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This study found that testosterone therapy in trans men increased facial and body hair growth while the prevalence and severity of acne peaked at 6 months but were primarily mild after long-term treatment.
37 citations
,
August 2012 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” In this study, a modified Ferriman-Galwey score greater than 4 was found to be effective for diagnosing hirsutism in Asian women, highlighting key areas such as the upper lip, thighs, and lower abdomen.
This review outlines diagnostic and treatment approaches for hirsutism, highlighting spironolactone or cyproterone acetate with oral contraceptives as the most effective therapy, and reports no new empirical results.
47 citations
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July 2016 in “Current pharmaceutical design” This review summarizes hair growth aspects, treatment options, and management strategies for hirsutism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, without presenting new clinical findings.
42 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This review discusses diagnostic and treatment considerations for women with cutaneous hyperandrogenism, noting therapeutic options are more effective for hirsutism and acne than for androgenetic alopecia, but reports no new clinical results.
28 citations
,
November 2019 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” This study found that Indian women with PCOS following a vegetarian diet had higher pro-inflammatory and lower anti-inflammatory marker levels compared to age and BMI-matched non-vegetarian counterparts.
28 citations
,
April 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” This study found that Caucasian and Asian women with PCOS in the San Francisco Bay Area had a similar prevalence of androgen excess, including hirsutism, across most measures.
25 citations
,
December 2017 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This study found that using an oral contraceptive with bicalutamide significantly reduced hirsutism in women with PCOS compared to an oral contraceptive alone, although it increased total cholesterol and LDL levels.
12 citations
,
February 2020 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This study found that a self-assessed modified Ferriman-Gallwey score of 10 or higher indicates excess body hair, and suggests androstenedione measurement should accompany testosterone when evaluating hyperandrogenism.
5 citations
,
July 2020 in “PubMed” This study found that EE/CPA and EE/DES were both effective in reducing hirsutism in patients with PCOS, with no additional benefit from adding low-dose metformin.
2 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Integrated Health Sciences” This study found that among premenopausal women with hirsutism, obesity was strongly associated with the severity of the condition, while endocrine test results showed no correlation.
May 2026 in “Research Square” In this study of women aged 18-45 from an endocrine referral group, researchers found that while clinical hirsutism severity is independently associated with biochemical hyperandrogenism, the relationship is modest and suggests different biological aspects are at play.
March 2026 in “Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets” This study found that in women with PCOS, a combination of finasteride and spironolactone significantly improved all health-related quality of life scales and reduced hyperandrogenism within four months, supporting its role alongside lifestyle measures.
January 2025 in “ANNALS OF PAKISTAN MEDICAL & ALLIED PROFESSIONALS” This study found that insulin resistance is common among Pakistani women with PCOS and is independently associated with increased hyperandrogenism, as indicated by correlations with testosterone levels and other androgenic measures.
April 2018 in “International journal of innovative research in medical science” In this randomized controlled clinical study, researchers found that Neem and Zanjabeel treatment was as effective as standard hormonal therapy in reducing hirsutism and improving biochemical and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovarian disease, while also significantly lowering fasting insulin and lipid levels.
17 citations
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January 1986 in “Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica” In this study, spironolactone treatment reduced hair growth in 17 out of 30 patients with hirsutism, but was less effective compared to cyproterone acetate–estrogen therapy.
27 citations
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October 1991 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” This study observed that flutamide treatment reduced hair growth and improved acne and seborrhea in hirsute women, with increased androstenedione levels and no side effects noted.
April 2008 in “Obstetrics, gynaecology and reproductive medicine” This article reviews the diagnosis and management of hirsutism in women, discussing its causes, assessment, and treatment options; no new clinical findings are included.
This study found that spironolactone reduced hirsutism scores in women without significant hormonal changes, suggesting its effectiveness primarily through peripheral mechanisms.
7 citations
,
June 2020 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that the quality of life in Turkish women with hirsutism is significantly more affected when PCOS is present, but is not correlated with the hirsutism severity score.
October 2023 in “Acta Medica Nicomedia” In this study, hirsutism negatively affected quality of life in Turkish patients, as measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index, although no significant relationship was observed between the severity of hirsutism and quality of life scores.
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excess body hair are available, but managing expectations is important.
2 citations
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September 1989 in “PubMed” This study found that canrenone significantly reduced hair growth and decreased certain androgen levels in women with idiopathic post-puberal hirsutism, suggesting potential effectiveness as a treatment.
January 2023 in “Scholars journal of applied medical sciences” This study found that polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hirsutism are the main causes of hirsutism in the women studied at a gynecology clinic, accounting for about 94% of cases.
In this study, researchers evaluated hirsutism in young females aged 18-24 using the modified Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system, finding that 52% showed mild to moderate-to-severe symptoms, often linked to menstrual irregularities and underlying endocrine disorders like polycystic ovary syndrome and thyroid issues.
52 citations
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March 2016 in “JAMA dermatology” This study found that hirsutism significantly negatively impacts quality of life, with self-assessed severity more strongly linked to quality-of-life impact and depressive symptoms than clinician assessments.
April 2025 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This study highlights the global prevalence of hirsutism in women and reviews its diagnostic criteria, potential underlying causes like polycystic ovary syndrome, and treatment options, emphasizing the need for tailored, multifaceted management and acknowledging the distress it causes patients.