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In this study, normal weight adolescents with PCOS showed increased insulin resistance and significantly lower levels of high molecular weight adiponectin compared to controls, despite no other metabolic differences.

This study found that adding metformin to IPL therapy in women with PCOS significantly improved insulin sensitivity and reduced hirsutism compared to IPL therapy alone.

This study found that elevated CgA levels in PCOS are associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and low-grade inflammation, suggesting CgA may be a novel biomarker for metabolic risk stratification in PCOS.

This study found that higher levels of Galectin-3 and HOMA-IR are independent predictors of androgenetic alopecia severity in both male and female patients.

This study found that serum irisin levels were significantly lower in patients with acne vulgaris compared to healthy controls and were negatively correlated with insulin resistance and disease severity.

In this study, isotretinoin treatment in women with severe acne increased body weight and triglycerides but did not affect androgens or insulin sensitivity.

This study found that the risk of urinary stone disease increased significantly in patients with severe androgenetic alopecia, and that testosterone deficiency was more frequent among these patients.

This study concluded that although RBP4 and adiponectin levels are associated with visceral fat, they do not independently contribute to the development of PCOS.

This study reports that in women with non-tumor hyperandrogenism, a decrease in serum testosterone from insulin-sensitizing therapy like metformin may indicate a low likelihood of having an androgen-secreting tumor.

This study found that serum APN levels were inversely related to insulin resistance in women with PCOS, suggesting that APN could serve as a clinical marker for insulin resistance in this population.

This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have higher serum VEGF-B levels, which are linked to insulin resistance and decrease after metformin treatment.

This case report describes a 28-year-old woman with facial, abdominal, and thigh hirsutism who showed little improvement after 5 months of Metformin and spironolactone treatment.

This study found that male patients with Androgenetic alopecia have higher serum leptin, lower vitamin D levels, and an altered adiponectin/leptin ratio, which may contribute to the disease's pathogenesis.

This study found that serum vaspin levels were elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to controls, but treatment with metformin or weight loss did not significantly change these levels.

This study found that increasing the follicle number criteria for diagnosing PCOS to 25 per ovary excluded some women who continue to show evidence of metabolic risk.

This study found that an 8-week low-starch/low-dairy diet led to weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

This study found that in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, xanthine oxidase activity is a useful marker for oxidative stress and is positively correlated with inflammatory markers and cardiovascular disease risk factors.

This study found that high serum alarin levels were linked to both androgenetic alopecia and metabolic syndrome, increasing with the severity of AGA.

This study found that premenopausal women with female pattern hair loss had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared to healthy controls.

This study reported that young men with early-onset androgenetic alopecia have a higher prevalence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome compared to controls, suggesting that AGA may indicate underlying metabolic disturbances.

This study found a significant association between androgenetic alopecia and metabolic syndrome, with AGA patients showing higher BMI, waist circumference, blood glucose, and cholesterol levels compared to controls.

This study assessed the nutritional status of emerging adult women with PCOS and found that while their body measurements were higher than standard, their mean biochemical parameters were within the normal range.

In this study, the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in southern China was found to be 2.2%, with affected women showing distinct metabolic and hormonal characteristics compared to others.

In this study, researchers found a significant prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Egyptian women with polycystic ovary syndrome, with insulin resistance being a key predictive factor.

This study observed that women with PCOS exhibited higher levels of triglycerides, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, total testosterone, DHEAS, and LH/FSH ratio, and lower HDL cholesterol compared to healthy controls, with these markers varying across different PCOS phenotypes.

This study found that young women with polycystic ovary syndrome have altered endothelial function associated with insulin resistance and lower adiponectin levels.

This review discusses the evolution of diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome and emphasizes its association with various metabolic and cardiovascular risks, but it provides no new research findings.

This study found that lifestyle interventions improved body composition, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS, but did not affect glucose tolerance, lipid profiles, or clinical reproductive outcomes.

This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have higher global adiposity and increased visceral fat, particularly in the ip and mesenteric depots, compared to women without androgen excess.

In this study, hirsutism in women with PCOS was strongly associated with hyperandrogenism and metabolic abnormalities, while acne and androgenic alopecia were not effective markers for hyperandrogenism.