57 citations,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
36 citations,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
32 citations,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
30 citations,
December 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Steroids, particularly estrogens and 5α-reductase inhibitors, affect blood vessel-related hair growth processes in hair follicle cells.
27 citations,
February 2020 in “Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research” Women generally handle heart enlargement better than men, but it's riskier for them if it occurs; hormones like estrogen offer some protection.
20 citations,
July 2006 in “Veterinary dermatology” Melatonin helped some Pomeranian dogs regrow hair, but it wasn't linked to estrogen receptors.
19 citations,
July 1990 in “Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine” Androgen excess disorders in women were effectively treated with spironolactone, estrogen, and dexamethasone.
18 citations,
March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.
16 citations,
December 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with estrogen possibly reducing risk and testosterone potentially increasing it.
14 citations,
July 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Estrogen and prolactin may play bigger roles in female hair loss than previously thought.
9 citations,
March 2008 in “PubMed” Low estrogen compared to androgen may cause female hair loss.
8 citations,
March 2008 in “Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift/Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Adding estrogen increased bone mass in a transsexual man undergoing hormone therapy.
8 citations,
April 1990 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” The medication combination did not affect glucose tolerance but increased some cholesterol levels due to its estrogen component.
6 citations,
January 2016 in “Menopause” Estrogen deficiency, like after menopause or certain surgeries, leads to faster skin aging and health issues.
6 citations,
January 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estrogen receptors may not affect mouse hair growth as previously thought, and oxybenzone in sunscreen is stable in sunlight.
5 citations,
February 2019 in “Neuroscience letters” Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.
5 citations,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
4 citations,
August 2018 in “American journal of otolaryngology” Transgender women on estrogen therapy can develop melasma and need proper skin care.
4 citations,
March 2018 in “Systems biology in reproductive medicine” Men born very underweight had higher estrogen levels but normal reproduction compared to normal birth weight men.
2 citations,
May 2012 in “Annals of Oncology” Patients with advanced breast cancer and high hormone receptor levels who had surgery for ovarian/pelvic metastases lived longer, especially if they had high estrogen receptor levels.
1 citations,
November 2011 in “Open access journal of contraception” Birth control pills with low-dose estrogen and antiandrogenic progestins can effectively treat acne.
1 citations,
July 2011 in “Climacteric” Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.
1 citations,
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes modest feminization in transgender female adolescents, and works better with added estrogens.
June 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Young women in West Bengal, India, with PCOS often have estrogen resistance, leptin receptor issues, folate deficiency, T2DM, and acanthosis, commonly linked to obesity.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
The paper suggests that a decrease in estrogen receptor activity may cause sexual dysfunction syndromes and proposes hormonal treatments.
May 2021 in “International journal of developmental research” Estrogens and progesterone are key in regulating melasma pigmentation.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Androgens and estrogens are crucial for insulin secretion in males.
August 2017 in “Journal of epidemiological research” Cancer rates are increasing in developed countries, with estrogen, aging, low vitamin D3, and HPV infection as common causes.