18 citations,
June 1988 in “Culture, medicine and psychiatry” The perception of excessive hair growth in women as abnormal is more influenced by cultural norms than by medical reasons.
September 2023 in “F&S reports” PCOS may increase the risk of mental health issues like depression and anxiety.
159 citations,
July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
15 citations,
June 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” Hormones and genes affect hair growth and male baldness.
3 citations,
December 2016 in “Journal of epidemiological research” Estrogen and androgenic hair increase melanoma risk, especially in European-ancestry individuals.
19 citations,
March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
12 citations,
October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.
9 citations,
March 2020 in “Gene” Certain gene variants in estrogen receptors are linked to polycystic ovary syndrome, mainly affecting metabolism, in Tunisian women.
80 citations,
January 1995 in “The American Journal of Medicine” Hair loss in androgenetic alopecia is caused by genetic factors and androgen excess, and can be treated with combined therapies.
154 citations,
October 1996 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Estrogen affects hair growth and skin cell multiplication.
149 citations,
January 2011 in “Nature reviews. Urology” Hormonal interactions, especially involving DHT and estrogen, play a key role in BPH development and treatment.
62 citations,
August 2018 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Androgens are important for normal ovarian function and estrogen production, but may not be the main cause of follicle death.
27 citations,
October 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” ESR2 gene variations may be linked to female pattern hair loss.
223 citations,
January 2014 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.
50 citations,
May 2004 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” Estrogens generally inhibit hair growth and improve skin quality, but their exact effects on hair follicles are complex and not fully understood.
20 citations,
May 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” Aging scalp skin contributes to hair aging and loss, and more research is needed to develop better hair loss treatments.
11 citations,
September 2021 in “Journal of molecular endocrinology” ERβ has potential in treating prostate cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, but human studies are needed before clinical use.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
9 citations,
January 2014 in “Medical Hypotheses” Higher DHT in male baldness may protect against prostate cancer.
24 citations,
September 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.
March 2024 in “Frontiers in reproductive health” Women of color in Northern Manhattan view hair care as important to their identity and culture, and education on harmful chemicals in hair products is needed.
January 2015 in “Hair transplant forum international” Female pattern hair loss is different from male pattern hair loss and has unclear genetic causes.
1 citations,
September 2020 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” The conclusion is that thorough investigation of hypertension and hormonal dysfunctions is important, and there may be a link between these conditions and cancer.
56 citations,
March 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 17β-estradiol can reduce inflammation in the skin.
51 citations,
August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
21 citations,
February 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Hormones affect prostate health and disease, with certain hormone imbalances linked to prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
17 citations,
March 2016 in “Liver international” Men with advanced liver disease and high oestrone and low testosterone levels have worse health outcomes.
5 citations,
August 2021 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Retinoic acid affects male and female muscle energy use and function differently.
4 citations,
December 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology” ESR2 gene linked to female-pattern hair loss.
3 citations,
May 2023 in “Biomedicines” PCOS causes infertility mainly due to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.