24 citations,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Transgender women can develop feminine traits and improve their quality of life through hormone therapy and surgery, but results vary and access to surgery can be limited.
Bilateral Orchiectomy effectively reduces the need for anti-androgen medication in most transgender females.
28 citations,
May 2015 in “Addiction Biology” Prenatal stress changes how male and female rats enjoy rewards differently, linked to sex hormones.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects metabolism differently based on treatment type.
2 citations,
March 2004 in “Reviews in Gynaecological Practice” Hormonal changes and psychological issues can cause sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. Behavioral therapy is recommended first, with hormone replacement helping some symptoms but not libido. Testosterone can improve libido, but its effects on overall sexual function are unclear. Emotional and relationship issues should be addressed before using medication, and the benefits and risks of testosterone supplementation should be considered.
36 citations,
October 2016 in “Bone” A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.
18 citations,
January 2004 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Skin problems in older people can indicate hormonal diseases, nutritional deficiencies, or conditions like diabetes, menopause, and HIV.
17 citations,
June 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” The document concludes that non-operative treatment for gender dysphoria is safe and effective, and hormone therapy does not increase cancer risk.
16 citations,
January 2006 in “The Aging Male” Hormone imbalances can cause skin diseases, and understanding these links is important for diagnosis and treatment.
658 citations,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
17 citations,
April 2006 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Older women face various skin issues like dryness and thinning, and treatments are available but can have side effects; proper skin care and legal health decisions are important.
September 2014 in “Springer eBooks” Men and women experience skin aging differently due to changes in sex hormone levels with age.
April 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Many women experience sexual dysfunction, but few seek help, and better treatment and medical training are needed.
29 citations,
May 1998 in “Bulletin of the American College of Nurse-Midwifery” The document concludes that menopause should be seen as a natural part of aging and managed with personalized care and informed choices.
5 citations,
April 2018 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Adjusting estradiol-ANGPT2 levels can promote hair growth in female pattern hair loss.
49 citations,
February 2019 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Use "female pattern hair loss" term, assess androgen excess, treat with minoxidil and other medications if needed.
47 citations,
May 2020 in “Cardiovascular Research” The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.
23 citations,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune disease affecting hair follicles, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, with rodent models being essential for research.
17 citations,
November 2000 in “Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association” The document concludes that low-dose oral contraceptives and hormonal therapies can manage perimenopause symptoms and reduce some health risks, but lifestyle changes and disease screening are also important.
May 2021 in “Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine” A 13-year-old with 46 XY DSD had ambiguous genitalia due to incomplete masculinization.
April 2023 in “American Journal of Transplantation” Hormone replacement therapy may lower the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in non-immunosuppressed people and male organ transplant recipients.
83 citations,
August 2018 in “BJOG” Uterine transplants for transgender women are feasible but need more research.
2 citations,
February 2021 in “Case reports in dermatological medicine” The new topical botanical formulation significantly regrew hair in all five patients without side effects.
11 citations,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
1 citations,
September 2012 in “Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
75 citations,
February 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
13 citations,
August 2018 in “Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology” Finasteride improves heart function and repairs damage after heart attack in mice.
276 citations,
April 2003 in “Molecular endocrinology” Vitamin D is important for bones, hair, blood pressure, and breast development.
10 citations,
January 2019 in “Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly increase sexual desire in women with HSDD but lacks broad recommendation due to safety concerns and limited approval.
20 citations,
July 2006 in “Veterinary dermatology” Melatonin helped some Pomeranian dogs regrow hair, but it wasn't linked to estrogen receptors.