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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

SKPs are similar to adult skin stem cells and could help in skin repair and hair growth.

Changing how mesenchymal stromal cells are grown can improve their healing abilities.

The document concludes that the understanding of scar formation is incomplete and current prevention and treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids are not fully effective.

Human skin makes sexual hormones that affect hair growth, skin health, and healing; too much can cause acne and hair loss, while treatments can manage these conditions.

Different types of fibroblasts play various roles in diseases and healing, and more research on them could improve treatments.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

Air pollution worsens skin diseases and aging by causing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Alopecia areata, a common autoimmune hair loss condition, often runs in families.

The secretome from mesenchymal stem cells is a promising treatment that may repair tissue and avoid side effects of stem cell transplantation.

Teriflunomide helps reduce multiple sclerosis symptoms and is safe for most patients.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Dermoscopy is a useful tool for identifying features of skin conditions, but more research is needed to define its role in dermatology.

Msx and Dlx genes are crucial for development, controlling cell behaviors like growth and differentiation through their roles as gene regulators.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

Testing basal 17-HP levels is a good way to screen for nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia in women with high androgen levels.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Genetic variation in the androgen receptor gene mainly causes early-onset hair loss, with maternal inheritance playing a key role.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause serious skin problems that need careful management.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.