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Melasma is now considered a skin aging disorder caused by sun exposure in people with a genetic tendency, which impacts treatment and prevention approaches.

Taking Vitamin D supplements may increase the risk of skin darkening after laser hair removal.

Genetic analysis of rabbits identified key genes for traits like coat color, body size, and fertility.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

Vitamin D boosts a specific gene activity in kidney cells that could improve heart and kidney function.

ATP increases melanin production in skin after UV exposure, with the P2X7 receptor being crucial for this process.

The conclusion suggests that prostate cancer should be classified by castration status and that new therapies targeting androgen receptor signaling show promise.

Some oral medications may help treat central serous chorioretinopathy, especially eplerenone, but more research is needed.

Finasteride reduces prostate cancer risk but may increase high-grade tumors; new drugs and better diagnosis are in development, but funding and industry commitment are challenges.

Cannabinoids may help treat various skin conditions.

Some plant-based treatments can help with benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

The research found how GPCR Class A Rhodopsin receptors are related and suggested possible substances they interact with.

The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.

New genes found linked to balding, may help develop future treatments.

Hair growth is influenced by hormones and goes through different phases; androgens can both promote and inhibit hair growth depending on the body area.

The protein Gnαs is found more in black mice than white mice and may influence their coat color.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway effectively treats several inflammatory skin diseases.

The document explains hair biology, the causes of hair loss, and reviews various hair loss treatments.

Women with PCOS should be screened for heart disease risk and manage their health to prevent it.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Prolactin may play a significant role in skin and hair health and could be a target for treating skin and hair disorders.

Diuretics help the body get rid of excess salt and water by acting on the kidneys in different ways.

The gene Tfap2b is essential for creating a type of stem cell in zebrafish that can become different pigment cells.

The study suggests certain ACE gene variations are more common in women with PCOS and may be linked to increased insulin resistance.

Managing metabolic syndrome needs both lifestyle changes and medical treatments.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

Women generally handle heart enlargement better than men, but it's riskier for them if it occurs; hormones like estrogen offer some protection.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Long COVID causes various long-term health issues and needs better awareness and treatment.