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This study found that GLI2 plays a key role in activating follistatin, an activin/BMP antagonist, in response to hedgehog signaling in human epidermal cells, with implications for hair follicle development and basal cell carcinoma.

The researchers reported that both estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ are expressed in human testis, and identified two novel genes, Aven and Regucalcin, linked to estrogen and androgen regulation, which may be crucial for spermatogenesis.

This study found that mouse and human protransglutaminase 3 enzymes require calcium-regulated activation for their role in later stages of cell envelope formation in the epidermis and hair follicle.

This study found that angiogenin can inhibit the expression of type Ⅰ collagen and fibronectin in dermal papilla cells from androgenetic alopecia areas in vitro by affecting TGF-β1 and its signaling pathway.

This study found that NGAL expression increased in calcium-induced keratinocyte differentiation in vitro and was highly elevated in psoriasis-like skin conditions and skin cancers, suggesting a role in skin hyperplasia and homeostasis.

This study found that transgenic expression of Endothelin 3 in mice can maintain a dark pigmentation phenotype independently of Mc1r signaling by regulating melanogenic genes.

Enhancing Factor is found in growing tissues like young mouse intestines and skin but not in adults.

This study showed that coexpression of TG2 and Gbx1 in the epidermis is necessary for esophagus-like mucosal transdifferentiation, with TGF-beta2 in the dermis essential for the process through epithelial-mesenchymal interaction.

This review examines the roles of Hedgehog and Gli proteins in mouse embryonic mammary development and suggests that Gli3-repressor-mediated off-state of Hedgehog signaling determines mammary fate over hair follicle fate.

This study found that EGF, IGF-Ⅰ, and IGF-Ⅰ R are extensively expressed in mink skin and hair follicles, suggesting these genes play crucial roles in their development.

This study found that NGAL expression in embryonic skin is spatio-temporally regulated and strongly induced in adult skin conditions with dysregulated differentiation, suggesting a role in epithelial differentiation pathways.

This review discusses the development of Matrigel and its role in identifying thymosin beta 4 as a regenerative protein, without reporting new experimental findings.

This study found that modulating BMP activity in transgenic mice affects the development and characteristics of several ectodermal organs, such as skin, hair, and claws, highlighting a stage-dependent influence on organogenesis.

In this rodent study, the researchers found that different hormone therapies affected gut microbiota and goblet cell counts, with notable microbial shifts observed between groups receiving estrogen with and without an orchiectomy, linked to estrogen metabolism.

This study suggests 5α‐androstan‐3α‐17β‐diol may be the true inducer of kidney enzymes in certain mice, while its induction mechanism likely involves pinocytosis rather than a receptor protein.

This study found that increasing En1 expression in mouse epidermis can convert cutaneous appendages to eccrine sweat glands, suggesting a role for En1 in eccrine gland development.

This study suggests that EREG, released from ORS cells, may promote hair growth by activating specific receptors and modulating ROS generation, offering a potential new treatment for hair loss.

This review discusses Amphiregulin (AREG) as a potential target for treating fibrotic disorders and cancer, highlighting its role in disease progression and promising results in preclinical studies and early trials.

This review highlights the potential of amphiregulin as a therapeutic target, noting its role in both fibrotic and malignant diseases, and discusses promising early findings but reports no new clinical results.

This study identifies key transcriptomic features and a necessary dermal niche for eccrine gland development, advancing potential regenerative approaches for these vital skin appendages.

This study found that LGR5 is uniquely expressed in human corneal endothelial cells and maintains endothelial cell phenotypes while inhibiting mesenchymal transformation through the Wnt pathway.

This study reports that EGF at specific concentrations promotes the proliferation and migration of hair follicle ORS cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in vitro.

Ectodysplasin-A1 is crucial for developing hair, teeth, and glands.

This study reports differential gene expression in the leading edge and inner surface epithelial cells of murine eyelids, suggesting that distinct signaling pathways are active during embryonic eyelid closure.

Multiple mouse desmoglein 1 isoforms have distinct roles in skin and hair development.

The study found that exogenous decorin administration accelerated the anagen phase and delayed the catagen transition, suggesting it may act as a positive regulator of the hair cycle.

TG5 helps maintain hair follicle health, while TG3 aids in hair shaft development.

EGFR signaling is essential for ear cell regeneration in both birds and mammals.

This study found that androgens increase Odc1 expression in skeletal muscle myoblasts, promoting proliferation and delaying differentiation.