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The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

COVID-19 and hypopituitarism (reduced pituitary gland function) are linked, with the latter's related health issues potentially worsening COVID-19 outcomes, and COVID-19 possibly increasing risk for pituitary complications.

Skin problems in PCOS, like excess hair, acne, and hair loss, may not always indicate high male hormone levels and need careful diagnosis for proper treatment.

Eurycoma longifolia extract may help increase testosterone levels and reduce andropause symptoms.

The guidelines help doctors diagnose and treat hormone-related disorders in women.

There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) mainly affects nearby cells, doesn't significantly change prostate hormonal environment or cancer risk, and doesn't play a main role in causing hair loss or acne. More research is needed on its effects on heart health, sexual function, and bone health.

PCOS patients have more central body fat, which can be effectively measured using DEXA.

Transgender patients in critical care need better-trained medical staff and specific guidelines.

Higher Lnk protein levels in ovaries may lead to insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Women with PCOS have higher androgen levels that decrease with age but are still higher than in women without PCOS.

The document concludes with guidance for doctors on diagnosing and treating hirsutism effectively and safely.

Finasteride for hair loss may cause persistent sexual symptoms, depression, anxiety, and lower quality of life.

Certain microRNAs in the fluid around eggs are linked to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and may help diagnose it.

Young girls whose mothers have PCOS may have higher activity of a specific enzyme that could lead to developing PCOS later.

Metformin improves menstrual cycles and hormone levels in women with PCOS, mostly within the first 6 months.

Daughters of women with PCOS generally experience normal puberty but may have more body hair and different body fat distribution.

Certain adrenal hormones can strongly stimulate oil gland growth in hamster skin, similar to male hormones.

Different animals have unique versions of the enzyme that changes testosterone into another hormone, which is important for creating effective treatments for prostate and hair loss conditions.

Androgens, like testosterone, are crucial for early testicular descent in rats.

The human type II 5α-reductase gene, linked to certain male health conditions, has a specific structure and low similarity to other related genes.

Prolactin affects when mice shed and grow hair.

Testosterone can slow down hair growth when combined with certain cells from bald scalps, and this effect can be blocked by an androgen receptor blocker.

Finasteride doesn't affect bone density in male rats.

Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.

A new gene, mrp4, is found in mice and may play a unique role in hair follicle development in tails and ears.

Prolactin affects when mice shed and grow hair.

Women with PCOS have similar bone density to healthy women, but those who are obese have higher bone density at some body sites.

Using two drugs together, Flutamide and 4-MA, is more effective for blocking male hormones than using each one alone.

Finasteride doesn't affect bone density in male rats.