December 2025 in “Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology” This narrative literature review examined how linking embryonic development with non-genetic skin anomalies can improve diagnostic accuracy, guide prenatal counseling, and enrich dermatology education by revealing specific vulnerabilities in skin morphogenesis and supporting advances in regenerative medicine.
22 citations
,
April 1967 in “Australian Journal of Zoology” This study describes the stages of hair follicle development and foetal pelage growth in southern elephant seals, highlighting the formation and shedding processes of the first and subsequent hair generations.
January 2026 in “Updates in clinical dermatology” This review emphasizes the importance of understanding hair follicle embryology, anatomy, and the hair cycle to effectively diagnose and treat hair disorders like alopecia.
91 citations
,
July 1997 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This article compares traditional nonlaser hair removal methods with newly developed laser-assisted techniques, discussing their applications but not presenting new research findings.
5 citations
,
September 2009 in “Acta Ophthalmologica” This study found that the Meibomian gland shares structural and cytokeratin composition similarities with hair follicles, and plays a role in hyper-keratinisation observed in obstructive Meibomian gland dysfunction.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” The document explains how hair follicles develop, their structure, and how they grow.
31 citations
,
September 2016 in “PLoS ONE” The researchers reported that in hairless mice, epidermal cell division orientations and epidermal thickness varied by body site, with dorsal and ear epidermis primarily dividing parallel to the basement membrane, unlike hind paw and tail epidermis.
January 2024 in “Archives of pharmacy practice” This study reviews the embryological origins, anatomical and histological structure, and key functions of the skin, emphasizing its protective, sensory, and regulatory roles, as well as the social and psychological impacts of post-lesion changes.
13 citations
,
December 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This review discusses the embryology, structure, and function of sebaceous glands and their involvement in skin disorders but reports no novel findings.
29 citations
,
November 2011 in “Veterinary pathology” This study reports that eccrine sweat glands in mice predominantly develop on the footpads, offering a reference for skin research involving genetically engineered mice.
7 citations
,
April 2014 in “Cell biology international” This study found that melatonin treatment increased epidermal thickness, subcutaneous fat, and dermal-related factors in postmenopausal rats, suggesting benefits for skin structure after menopause.
3 citations
,
November 2018 in “Curēus” This article reviews the occurrence of ectopic sebaceous glands in hair follicle matrix during hair embryogenesis and reports no new clinical results, indicating unknown pathogenesis and clinical implications.
6 citations
,
January 2009 in “Elsevier eBooks” This chapter discusses the structure and function of the skin, detailing its protective roles and the layers that comprise it, but reports no new research findings.
156 citations
,
January 1989 in “Genes & Development” This study found that keratin K14 expression occurs early in epidermal cell differentiation, while a hair-specific keratin is expressed later in hair matrix cells, suggesting developmental divergence between the two cell types.
38 citations
,
December 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Keratin patterns in hair follicles help understand hair growth and potential hair and nail disorders.
3 citations
,
December 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study revealed key cellular dynamics and interactions during early embryonic mouse skin development, highlighting complex transitions from precursor states to diverse multilayered structures.
1 citations
,
February 2017 in “International journal of anatomy and research” This study found that the progression of fetal skin development, marked by key features like the appearance of hair follicles and eccrine sweat glands, can help determine fetal age and predict congenital skin diseases.
March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery” This chapter reviews the skin's structure and its clinical relevance, highlighting connective tissue diseases and the potential for novel treatments like protein, cell, or stem cell transfer, but reports no new findings.
69 citations
,
September 2006 in “Human Reproduction” This study found that CD45RO+ cells, a subtype of T lymphocytes, were notably reduced in the ovarian follicles of women with PCOS, which may contribute to the condition's pathogenesis.
February 2004 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” The book is a comprehensive and current guide on hair disorders, with minor flaws.
44 citations
,
January 2005 in “Dermatology” This article reviews the clinical and diagnostic features of hair shaft disorders, emphasizing the role of structured patient assessments and the avoidance of hair trauma, but reports no new results.
November 1966 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This conference proceeding abstract provides no new research results, focusing only on event details from the British Association of Dermatology's Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting held in Oxford in 1966.
31 citations
,
December 2010 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study reports that structural abnormalities in the inner root sheath of hair follicles may cause the hair shaft to be loosely attached in patients with loose anagen hair syndrome.
1 citations
,
February 2017 in “Journal of gynecology and womens health” This review discusses the causes and management of hirsutism, recommending low-dose oral contraceptives with flutamide over cyproterone-containing preparations, but reports no new clinical findings.
May 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” This study investigated the role of the ABCA4 gene in human keratinocytes and hair follicle stem cells and found that silencing the ABCA4 gene increases the harmful effects of all-trans-retinal on hair follicle stem cells.
30 citations
,
April 2009 in “Mycoses” This study found that the fungus Microsporum gypseum enzymatically degrades keratin in human hair, with the sequence of degradation reflecting the keratinization and cystine content of individual hair components in vitro.
March 2016 in “Benha Veterinary Medical Journal” This study investigated the gene Col19a1, finding its expression is specific to certain cells during hair follicle development in mice, suggesting its potential role in hair follicle morphogenesis.
130 citations
,
April 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study reports the cloning and expression details of two new human type II keratins, K6irs3 and K6irs4, in the hair follicle's inner root sheath, suggesting a distinct functional role related to hair structure.
6 citations
,
July 2018 in “Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine” This study found that scalp hair follicles had higher expression of cytokeratin 15 and distinct hair layers compared to other body regions, highlighting differences in hair follicle characteristics.
2 citations
,
October 2007 in “Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal” This study examined the morphological features of buffalo lips, finding that their structure includes distinct layers of skin, muscle, connective tissue, and glands.