28 citations,
October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
26 citations,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.
16 citations,
January 2019 in “Pharmaceutical biology” Lespedeza cuneata extract may help treat enlarged prostate.
14 citations,
October 2016 in “Physiological Research” Alfacalcidiol and metformin together lowered testosterone in women with PCOS, but did not significantly improve acne, hair growth, or pregnancy rates.
9 citations,
May 2008 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” A woman's ovarian tumor causing high testosterone was successfully removed, and her symptoms improved.
8 citations,
December 2022 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Mice without the enzyme HSD17B3 still produce normal testosterone, suggesting they have different ways to make it compared to humans.
8 citations,
July 2014 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Finasteride affects frog testes by increasing testosterone, decreasing 5α-DHT, and impacting genes related to reproduction and other functions.
6 citations,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
5 citations,
January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
4 citations,
May 2019 in “Physiology & Behavior” Cocaine impairs male sexual behavior and alters testosterone metabolism in the brain.
3 citations,
October 2022 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Testosterone Replacement Therapy can improve sexual health in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on its long-term effects.
1 citations,
December 2021 in “Androgens” Testosterone and its metabolites affect brain functions and could help treat neurological disorders.
1 citations,
December 2017 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Vertex baldness has higher DHT levels than frontal baldness, but testosterone and PSA levels are similar.
1 citations,
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.
September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” High doses of testosterone disrupt hormone levels and receptor expression in the uterus, affecting fertility.
February 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.
Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.
2 citations,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Early surgery reduces seizure risk in drug-resistant epilepsy; testosterone to DHT conversion doesn't affect muscle anabolism; veterans with PTSD likely to have riskier opioid use; bevacizumab helps in hereditary bleeding disorder.
1 citations,
December 2023 in “Curēus” Most children with a common hemochromatosis genotype had elevated iron levels but no severe symptoms.
18 citations,
March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.
23 citations,
March 1994 in “Fertility and sterility” Most patients improved with oral contraceptives, but some needed additional treatment.
April 2024 in “Indian Scientific Journal Of Research In Engineering And Management” PCOS affects many women and requires early detection and symptom management.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 23-year-old woman's missed periods were caused by a rare genetic disorder treated with hormone patches.
November 2014 in “PharmaTutor” Finasteride may help postmenopausal women with hair loss but is not effective for all and should be used cautiously in premenopausal women.
176 citations,
August 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Hormone treatments in transsexual individuals reduce hair growth and oil production in male-to-females and increase them in female-to-males.
135 citations,
August 1994 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Most women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia had polycystic ovaries, especially if they had irregular periods.
54 citations,
November 2017 in “Scientific Reports” The study found that certain microRNAs are higher in the cells and lower in the fluid of women with a specific type of polycystic ovary syndrome, and one microRNA could potentially help diagnose the condition.
35 citations,
March 2012 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” The conclusion is that accurately identifying the cause of high androgen levels in women with PCOS is crucial and requires specific tests.
18 citations,
May 1992 in “American Journal of Biological Anthropology” Higher androgen levels do not cause baldness in men.
17 citations,
September 2017 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Women with PCOS in North China often have hirsutism and acne, with hirsutism linked to metabolic issues.