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Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.

Keratins are important for skin cell health and their problems can cause diseases.

Mice studies show that Protein Phosphatase 2A is crucial for cell growth, development, and disease prevention.

Stem cell therapies show promise for treating various diseases but face challenges in clinical use and require better monitoring techniques.

Abnormal Hedgehog signaling in blood cancers may help tumors grow and resist chemotherapy, suggesting potential for targeted treatments.

Skin-derived stem cells can become various cell types, including germ cell-like and oocyte-like cells.

LEF1 is essential for the development of airway glands and is regulated by the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway.

Single Blimp1+ cells can create functional sebaceous gland organoids in the lab.

Skin stem cells are crucial for maintaining and repairing skin, with potential for treating skin disorders and improving wound healing.

Wnt signaling controls whether hair follicle stem cells stay inactive or regenerate hair.

Human hair keratins K85 and K35 create unique filament patterns important for early hair formation.

Both gene and non-gene areas of DNA evolved to make some mammals hairless.

Hairless mammals have genetic changes in both their protein-coding and regulatory sequences related to hair.

Nonpalmoplantar skin cells can be made to express keratin 9 by interacting with palmoplantar fibroblasts.

Fibroblasts are important in healing diabetic wounds, but high sugar levels can harm their function and slow down the healing process.

Human hair follicle stem cells can be turned into red blood cells.

The document concludes that DNA methylation and the mTOR pathway are important for stem cell function and could impact disease treatment.

Leptin-deficient mice, used as a model for Type 2 Diabetes, have delayed wound healing due to impaired contraction and other dysfunctional cellular responses.

Exosomes from stem cells may help rejuvenate skin and regrow hair, but more research is needed.

Patient-derived melanocytes can potentially treat vitiligo by restoring skin pigmentation.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

An imbalance between certain immune cells is linked to a chronic skin condition and may be influenced by obesity, smoking, and autoimmune issues.

Advancements in hair biology include new treatments and tools for hair growth and alopecia.

Human dermal fibroblasts are the main cells targeted by a virus that can cause a deadly skin cancer, and a certain inhibitor can effectively block this infection.

Different stem cells have benefits and challenges for tissue repair, and more research is needed to find the best types for each use.

PCOS is a hormonal disorder causing symptoms like irregular periods and acne, and increases the risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Sebaceous glands play a key role in skin health, immunity, and various skin diseases.

Certain zinc transporters are essential for healthy skin and managing zinc in the body could help treat skin problems.

The document explains how to create detailed biological pathways using genomic data and tools, with examples of hair and breast development.

Young HS patients often have other physical and mental health issues, and research on HS covers a wide range of topics including genetics, triggers, treatments, and the need for more data.