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This chapter reviews current and future strategies for identifying ligands and functions of orphan G protein-coupled receptors, but it reports no new experimental results.

This study found that when metabolism changes and extracellular glucose decreases, hippocampal CA3 neurons release ATP, which is converted to adenosine and reduces neuron excitability, enhancing the seizure threshold.

This review covers the potential of repurposing existing drugs for treating COVID-19 and updates on virus- and host-targeting drug candidates, reporting no new experimental results.

This review discusses various therapeutic strategies targeting platelet-derived growth factor signaling in diseases like cancer and atherosclerosis, and evaluates existing treatments without presenting new clinical data.

This review discusses the role of epidermal differentiation complex genes and epigenetic mechanisms in skin development and certain diseases, emphasizing their potential for improving drug development and delivery systems but provides no new experimental results.

This study suggests that targeting olfactory receptors in the lung epithelium might help treat odorant-induced asthma in cases without type 2 inflammation, as these receptors could play a role in airway sensitivity to smells.

This study suggests that dysfunctions and altered expression of aquaporins may play a role in PCOS-related disorders, potentially impacting folliculogenesis and integrating with the insulin-dependent hypothesis of PCOS pathogenesis.

Finasteride and dutasteride's effects are mainly due to target binding saturation and slow enzyme turnover.

This study reported that pathways related to apoptosis, cell proliferation, and WNT signaling might be key drivers of hair loss in androgenetic alopecia, guiding potential targets for therapy development.

New treatments for cancer and skin disorders show promise in disrupting harmful cell interactions and promoting hair growth.

This review reports that nirmatrelvir-ritonavir has significant drug-drug interactions with many common dermatological medications, whereas molnupiravir may be an alternative therapy due to the absence of such interactions observed so far.

This study presents a novel in vitro assay using human folliculoid microspheres to research hair growth, which may facilitate preclinical testing of hair growth-modulatory agents.

This study highlights that while advances in dermatology, such as biologics and JAK inhibitors, have improved treatments for conditions like atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, challenges remain, including issues with lasting efficacy and the need for more personalized therapies.

This study identified ten potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for androgenic alopecia, with SOD1 and KL as particularly promising candidates for future therapies.

This study discusses a hypothesis for repurposing non-cancer drugs and combining micronutrients to target cancer and cancer stem cells with fewer side effects, suggesting a potential new approach for more effective cancer therapy.

This study found that CD2 could be a potential new therapeutic target for treating patchy-type alopecia areata, suggesting the need for further research into its role.

In this study, researchers used computational modeling and virtual screening to identify two FDA-approved drugs, Tadalafil and Finasteride, that may effectively inhibit key proteins involved in melanoma progression, suggesting potential for new therapeutic strategies against aggressive melanoma.

This study proposed a new approach to combat leishmaniasis by targeting host proteins rather than the parasite itself, identifying eight existing drugs as potential treatments despite not having been previously tested on leishmaniasis.

This review discusses the repurposing of natural products for COVID-19 treatment but reports no new clinical findings, highlighting ongoing research to target host and viral mechanisms.

This study found that injecting nu/nu mice with aqueous dispersion of unmodified fullerene C60 significantly stimulated hair growth compared to controls, suggesting its potential as a new therapeutic approach for alopecia.

This study describes a computational method using side-effect data from social media to identify new drug indications, suggesting it could be effective for drug repositioning.

This review discusses hair follicle organoids as emerging models for studying hair biology and disorders, emphasizing their promise for bridging basic research and clinical applications, but reports no new results.

This study highlights the role of bioinformatics and in-silico studies for identifying drug targets, specifically in herbal drugs, using software and modern techniques to analyze data and model disease pathways before later-stage in vivo and in vitro testing.

This review discusses recent advances in skin penetration mechanisms, specifically focusing on the enhanced understanding of the follicular pathway and its implications for transdermal therapies, immune system targeting, and nanoparticle safety.

This review discusses phytotherapy options for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia, noting some herbal agents show promise in trials for mild-moderate symptoms but more evidence is needed for others.

This review discusses the genetic research developments in androgenetic alopecia, reporting no new clinical results, and highlights the potential for discovering novel therapeutic targets.

In this study, PEG and keratin scaffolds selectively influenced protein release rates based on charge and size, suggesting their potential for targeted delivery of protein therapeutics.

In this study, researchers developed a computational method called iEdgePathDDA that prioritizes anticancer drug candidates by analyzing changes in gene interactions, demonstrating superior performance compared to existing methods across colorectal, breast, and lung cancer datasets.

This article describes how a new blood glucose management service at the NIH Clinical Center improved safety and patient outcomes for hospitalized patients with diabetes.

This study describes the PandaOmics platform, which uses AI and bioinformatics to identify new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for various diseases, demonstrating validation in laboratory and animal studies.