April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Applying pseudoceramide improved skin and hair health.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that long-term hair follicle stem cells originate from embryonic progenitor cells in a niche with reduced Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is essential for their specification.
12 citations
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November 2003 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study found hair regrowth in the majority of AA-affected mice and rats treated with diphencyprone, suggesting its potential utility for understanding human alopecia areata and the drug's therapeutic action.
March 2005 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Diphencyprone treatment protocols could be simplified as no harm occurred despite not fully following them.
3 citations
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April 2024 in “JAAD Case Reports” This article reviews DPCP's use as a topical immunotherapy for alopecia areata and discusses its suggested mechanism, but reports no clinical results.
18 citations
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December 2016 in “European journal of pharmacology” In this study, 12-Chloracetyl-PPD showed anti-cancer activity by inhibiting cancer cell viability and inducing apoptosis through reactive oxygen species production without harming normal cells.
December 2025 in “Molecules” This study found that the 15-PGDH inhibitor DPP improved endothelial function in hair-related cells exposed to DHT by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing angiogenic capacity.
37 citations
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September 2009 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” This study found that diphencyprone is an effective and safe treatment for extensive alopecia areata, especially with long-term therapy and maintenance to reduce relapse risk.
November 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that cPPARγ and dnPPARγ isoforms are differentially expressed in healthy human skin, suggesting that PPARγ modulators may have compartment-specific effects depending on isoform presence.
May 2024 in “Journal of the Egyptian Womenʼs Dermatologic Society” This study suggests that DPCP treatment can be effective and safe for severe alopecia areata in children, with maintenance therapy potentially reducing relapse rates.
13 citations
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January 2010 in “Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology” This study found that increased Bcl-2 protein expression after DPCP treatment was associated with hair regrowth in alopecia areata patients, suggesting its role in inhibiting apoptosis.
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that the peptide derivative beta-Ala-Pro-Dab-NHbenzyl may reduce wrinkles and sebum production in human skin by inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase 4, suggesting potential for acne and skin inflammation treatment.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Recognizing IPPP is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments.
10 citations
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January 2018 in “Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii” This study found that 21 out of 39 patients with alopecia areata experienced more than 50% hair regrowth after six months of DPCP treatment, with better outcomes observed in those treated at 3-week intervals compared to weekly intervals.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Trichology” This study found that adding PRP to DPCP treatment for severe alopecia areata did not enhance effectiveness compared to DPCP alone.
This source explains that Equine Cushing’s disease, or PPID, in horses is due to the degeneration of brain cells producing dopamine, leading to elevated cortisol levels and characteristic symptoms; it outlines diagnosis methods and emphasizes life-long pergolide treatment to manage the condition.
3 citations
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November 2021 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” This study found that home-use diphenylcyclopropenone (H-DPCP) is a cost-effective alternative to office-use for severe alopecia areata, showing similar effectiveness with reduced costs.
July 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study explored the effects of DPP, a 15-PGDH inhibitor, on human follicle dermal papilla cells damaged by dihydrotestosterone and observed that DPP enhanced wound healing, reduced reactive oxygen species, and increased hair growth in ex vivo human hair follicle cultures.
36 citations
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May 2005 in “BMC dermatology” This study found that topical diphenylcyclopropenone was effective in treating severe alopecia areata but had a high relapse rate and was often accompanied by side effects like eczema and lymphadenopathy.
80 citations
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April 2017 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” This review examines experimental and clinical evidence on PDRN, a drug derived from salmon DNA that acts via the adenosine A2A receptor and shows promise for tissue repair and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers in regenerative medicine.
17 citations
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October 2011 in “International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology” This study found that after 24 weeks of DPCP treatment for alopecia areata, there was a significant increase in new capillaries and hair regrowth detectable by videocapillaroscopy.
1 citations
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January 1989 in “Carcinogenesis” This study found that dexamethasone treatment inhibited the inflammatory response and the induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse skin after TPA application, although the effect on ODC was weaker during the hyperplastic stage.
37 citations
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May 2003 in “Journal of Consumer Marketing” This review discusses consumers' positive attitudes towards direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising, highlighting its impact on patient engagement despite physicians' mixed opinions on its influence on the doctor-patient relationship.
1 citations
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August 2024 in “Skin Health and Disease” Among pediatric alopecia areata patients treated with DPCP, this study reported complete hair regrowth in 8.8% and any regrowth in 61.8% after one year, with better outcomes for those with milder initial symptoms and longer treatment durations.
59 citations
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October 2012 in “Pharmaceutical Research” This study found that nanostructured lipid carriers with more soybean phosphatidylcholine provided better skin retention and follicular targeting for diphencyprone compared to other formulations and controls.
June 2023 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This study concluded that both DPCP alone and combined with PRP are effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata, with no significant difference between the two treatment methods.
June 2023 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This report describes a 60-year-old female with pretibial pruritic papular dermatitis who showed significant improvement of skin lesions after one month of treatment with oral pentoxifylline. The authors highlight the unique clinical and histological features of PPPD and propose pentoxifylline as a potential therapy.
16 citations
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April 2000 in “Contact dermatitis” In this report, a 19-year-old Japanese man experienced severe and prolonged urticarial reactions following treatment with diphenylcyclopropenone for alopecia universalis, emphasizing the need for caution with potent sensitizers.
January 2024 in “Annals of Dermatology” This study found that DPCP immunotherapy effectively treats alopecia areata, identifying factors that influence treatment response and patient satisfaction, which may aid in standardizing the treatment for improved outcomes.
10 citations
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June 2019 in “Dermatologic therapy” In this study, treatment with DPCP alone was more effective for hair regrowth and presented fewer side effects in chronic extensive alopecia areata compared to combination therapy with DPCP and anthralin.