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The document discusses various challenging skin conditions and their treatments.

Terbinafine is the most effective treatment for tinea capitis, a scalp infection often confused with other conditions.

People with alopecia areata have much lower Vitamin-D levels than healthy individuals.

The document is a detailed guide on skin conditions and treatments for dermatologists.

An 87-year-old woman was diagnosed with type 3 autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome and had multiple autoimmune issues.

Genetic testing for EGFR mutations is crucial in similar cases.

The Polish Dermatological Society recommends personalized treatment for cutaneous lupus, including lifestyle changes, medications, and monitoring, with specific drugs for severe cases.

A 22-year-old with multiple autoimmune diseases needs a multidisciplinary treatment approach.

Polyomavirus A2 infection in newborn mice caused hair follicle tumors.

Various drugs caused different skin reactions, including allergic and inflammatory responses.

The document summarizes skin and immune system disease findings, especially related to AIDS, from the 1980s.

Mannitol diuresis allows higher doses of cis-platinum for testicular cancer treatment without increasing kidney damage.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

Chemotherapy in the first trimester of pregnancy is risky, but in the second and third trimesters, it's generally safe with careful drug selection and timing.

Rosacea is a skin condition with unclear causes, classified into four subtypes.

Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Itraconazole is potentially effective for treating invasive aspergillosis, but more research is needed.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

Lichen Planus is a less common condition affecting skin and mucous membranes, with various types and associated risk factors, challenging to diagnose, significantly impacts life quality, and may have a risk of cancerous changes in oral lesions.

Some drugs can cause rare but potentially deadly skin reactions, and early treatment and avoiding the drug again are key.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Dermoscopy is a useful tool for identifying features of skin conditions, but more research is needed to define its role in dermatology.

Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

COVID-19 can cause different skin symptoms that may help with early diagnosis and show how severe the disease is.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Women with PCOS face higher risks of diabetes and heart disease, and these risks increase with obesity.

Some skin medications are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but others can harm the baby and should be avoided.

Dermatoscopy and videodermatoscopy are useful for diagnosing and monitoring various skin, hair, and nail conditions.