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This review examines the complex mechanisms that regulate skin stem cell development, activation, and differentiation, emphasizing the molecular signaling pathways that influence their fate and contribute to skin homeostasis.

This review discusses the role of polarity signaling in coordinating tissue mechanics, micro-environmental functions, and cell fate decisions, but it reports no new results, highlighting the need for further study in mammalian models.

This review explores how recombinant protein hydrogels, employing molecular engineering and crosslinking strategies, offer advanced applications in regenerative medicine by mimicking extracellular matrix dynamics and providing enhanced mechanical, environmental, and biological properties.

Targeting S100 proteins may help treat hair loss.

This study identified changes in immune activation, ferroptosis, and structural genes in alopecia areata subtypes, suggesting molecular markers that might help understand disease variability and guide future treatments.

This study found that circ 0020938 suppresses hair follicle stem cell proliferation by interacting with the miR-142-5p/DSG4 axis, which aids in the hair follicle cycle's proper progression.

This review discusses the development of human skin with a focus on desmosomes, noting the challenges of translating animal model findings to humans due to species differences and limited human sample access.

This study found that desmosomal cadherin desmoglein 3 loses its rigidity upon Ca2+ removal, regardless of desmosome functional state, suggesting a central role for signaling in hyper-adhesion.

In this study using Xenopus laevis embryos, reduced levels of the desmosomal protein desmoplakin led to defects in epidermal and cardiac structures, suggesting its crucial role in tissue integrity.

The researchers reported that disrupting the RPGRIP1L gene in mice impaired desmosome function, causing skin blistering, and their findings suggest that PKCβII inhibition could help treat pemphigus.

Junctional proteins stabilize the inner root sheath and connect the companion layer in human hair.

In this study using a mouse model of Pemphigus vulgaris, researchers found that loss of desmoglein 3 adhesion in hair follicle stem cells triggers a regenerative program restoring stem cell function, requiring Hedgehog pathway suppression.

This study found that basal cell epithelioma resembles fetal primary epithelial germ based on specific cellular characteristics.

A gene deletion in DSG4 causes sparse hair in some Pakistani families.

This review identifies genetic mutations associated with congenital hair loss disorders in Japanese populations, particularly highlighting common LIPH gene mutations linked to woolly hair/hypotrichosis, and reports no new clinical results.

Monilethrix involves multiple genes affecting hair structure, including DSG4 mutations.

This study found that inhibiting AP1 transcription factor activity in the suprabasal epidermis of mice alters keratinocyte gene expression, reducing barrier integrity and mimicking human keratoderma.

This paper reviews the genetic aspects of hair disorders and suggests that understanding these genes could advance treatment and diagnosis; it reports no new experimental findings.

This study describes a genetic mutation in the desmoglein 4 gene linked to localized autosomal recessive hypotrichosis in Pakistani families, showing similarities to animal models with similar hair loss conditions.

This study found that bikunin is expressed in human keratinocytes and may play a role in regulating keratinocyte function during mitosis or inflammation.

This review discusses the association between scarring alopecia and inflammatory processes in common acquired bullous disorders of the scalp, and reports no new clinical findings.

This review highlights recent genetic research advancements in understanding hereditary hair diseases but reports no new study results, emphasizing the identification of genes related to both monogenic and polygenic hair disorders.

This study provides definitive evidence that a homozygous mutation in the DSC3 gene causes skin fragility and hypotrichosis in humans.

This study's simulations suggest that biomechanical factors, like follicle geometry and tissue stiffness, are likely significant in hair fiber protrusion, providing a framework for future experimental validation.

This study reports the first familial case of alopecia linked to a novel homozygous variant in the DSP gene, which did not coincide with heart abnormalities despite prior associations.

This study found that desmosomal adhesion plays a crucial role in epithelial morphogenesis and cell positioning, equivalent in importance to that of adherens junctions.

The document explains the genetic causes and characteristics of inherited hair disorders.

This study investigated a Labrador Retriever with paw pad hyperkeratosis and identified a unique de novo heterozygous missense variant in the GJB6 gene, suggesting its potential role in the condition, analogous to Clouston syndrome in humans, although differences between species may provide further insights.

A specific hair protein variant increases the spread of breast cancer and is linked to worse survival rates.

This study found that two unrelated domestic shorthair cats had novel DSG4 gene mutations causing defective hair shafts, representing the first report of pathogenic DSG4 variants in domestic animals.