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Understanding gene expression in hair follicles can reveal insights into hair growth and disorders.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen do not penetrate deep into the skin.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

PCOS is caused by both genetics and environmental factors like diet and obesity.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.

Adding anti-Müllerian hormone to PCOS criteria lowers the number of women diagnosed.

Tributyltin exposure causes sex changes, sterilization, and decline in the snail Ocinebrina aciculata, risking its extinction.

Skin aging is due to impaired stem cell mobilization or fewer responsive stem cells.

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

The AUTS2 gene is linked to neurological disorders and may affect human brain development and cognition.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

Obesity increases the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome, and weight loss can improve the condition.

Growth factors are crucial for hair development and could help treat hair diseases.

Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.

The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.

Abnormal Hedgehog signaling in blood cancers may help tumors grow and resist chemotherapy, suggesting potential for targeted treatments.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

Neurosteroids show promise for treating epilepsy and more research is needed.

Myo-inositol helps improve skin conditions and metabolic profiles in young women with PCOS.

Multiphoton microscopy is a promising tool for detailed skin imaging and could improve patient care if its challenges are addressed.

Wnt signaling is important for development and cell regulation but can cause diseases like cancer when not working properly.

Regenerative pharmacology, which combines drugs with regenerative medicine, shows promise for repairing damaged body parts and needs more interdisciplinary research.

The conclusion is that fat grafting is safe and effective but carries risks that need careful management.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause skin problems that need careful management to improve patient quality of life and treatment success.