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Pregnancy and nursing increase certain brain activities in rats, but these changes disappear when the babies are taken away.

Sex neurosteroids cause different effects on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in males and females.

Bisphenol-A (BPA) increases connections between brain cells and boosts their activity, but it blocks the effects of a male hormone on brain cell plasticity.

Blocking 5α-reductase can harm memory and brain structure, and increase harmful brain changes in male mice used for Alzheimer's disease research.

Sex and sex hormones can affect brain inflammation in Parkinson's disease, with male mice being more affected and female mice showing a protective effect.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

Testosterone significantly affects sexual desire in both men and women, but its impact on women is more complex and influenced by psychological factors.

Sex hormones affect brain cells differently in males and females.

Schizophrenia risk genes may affect early brain development, contributing to the disease.

Sex steroids produced in the hippocampus are crucial for brain functions like memory and learning in rodents.

Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.

A brain-made hormone can protect against memory-related brain damage caused by harmful proteins.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Exposure to certain metals may worsen attention-related behaviors in adolescents, with stronger effects in females.

Melanocytes are important for skin and hair color and protect the skin from UV damage.

Androgen receptors in the mouse brain may explain cognitive and mood changes in prostate cancer treatment.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

Regenerative pharmacology, which combines drugs with regenerative medicine, shows promise for repairing damaged body parts and needs more interdisciplinary research.

Proper control of β-catenin activity is crucial for development and preventing diseases like cancer.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Deleting the PTEN gene in mice causes nerve cells to grow larger and heal better after injury, but may cause overgrowth and hair loss in older mice.

The congress highlighted new gene therapy techniques and cell transplantation methods for treating diseases.

MSC-derived exosomes can help treat COVID-19, hair loss, skin aging, and arthritis.

Testosterone and its metabolites affect brain functions and could help treat neurological disorders.

Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.

Seaweeds contain beneficial compounds with potential uses in food, cosmetics, and health, but more research is needed to improve extraction and safety.

Nitric Oxide has potential in medicine, especially for infections and heart treatments, but its short life and delivery challenges limit its use.

Androgens, male hormones, affect physical and mental functions, with a decrease leading to health issues like muscle loss, bone disease, and depression, and more research is needed on long-term effects and treatments.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.