1 citations
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February 2025 in “Skin Health and Disease” In this case study, a 39-year-old Japanese woman with severe alopecia areata demonstrated complete hair regrowth after one year using a combination of 0.5% delgocitinib ointment and excimer laser, suggesting potential efficacy and safety compared to conventional treatments.
JAK inhibitors, like baricitinib and ritlecitinib, show promise in treating alopecia areata effectively and safely.
April 2024 in “Frontiers in pharmacology” This study compared JAK inhibitors for moderate-to-severe alopecia areata and found brepocitinib 30mg and deuruxolitinib 12mg to be most effective, though deuruxolitinib may cause more adverse events. Further research is needed for long-term efficacy and safety.
55 citations
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October 2019 in “Dermatology and therapy” This review found that JAK/STAT pathway inhibitors, such as tofacitinib and ruxolitinib, led to symptom improvement in all observed atopic dermatitis cases, but responses were mixed for vitiligo and alopecia areata, with a generally mild safety profile reported.
70 citations
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October 2020 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” This review discusses the JAK-STAT pathway and the use of FDA-approved JAK inhibitors for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases but reports no new research findings.
40 citations
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August 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” This review discusses the potential of JAK inhibitors as a promising treatment strategy for alopecia areata, highlighting their mechanism and recent FDA approval based on clinical trial efficacy.
1 citations
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January 2023 in “Portuguese Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” This review covers the use of JAK inhibitors in treating various dermatological conditions, emphasizing their potential while noting ongoing safety concerns with oral treatments; no new clinical results are provided.
June 2026 in “Saudi Medical Horizons Journal” This review discusses the role of JAK inhibitors in treating atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, and vitiligo, highlighting their effectiveness and safety considerations but stressing the need for further research on long-term safety and patient selection.
November 2025 in “Bioscientia Medicina Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research” In this case report, researchers describe a 44-year-old woman with refractory patch alopecia areata achieving complete hair regrowth using a multi-modal approach of systemic and topical cholecalciferol with microneedling, although systemic vitamin D repletion remains a significant confounder.
124 citations
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October 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review discusses the role of the JAK-STAT pathway in autoimmune skin diseases and suggests potential therapeutic benefits of JAK inhibitors, but reports no new experimental results.
14 citations
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January 2020 in “Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology” This review discusses the development of Janus kinase inhibitors for dermatologic diseases and reports no new results; the authors note the need for further research on their efficacy and safety.
10 citations
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January 2023 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” In this study, deuruxolitinib and baricitinib showed promising efficacy in treating alopecia areata, but effectiveness varied with dosage and further trials are needed to confirm these results.
9 citations
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May 2023 in “Inflammation Research” This study reported that new drugs, despite lower specificity compared to certain immunobiological therapies, are effective across various challenging dermatological diseases, such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, and vitiligo.
November 2024 in “Open Repository of the University of Porto (University of Porto)” This report details a six-month internship experience, split between hospital and community pharmacy settings, which enhanced practical skills and theoretical knowledge in pharmaceutical care and highlighted the pharmacist's role in ensuring safe medication use.
November 2025 in “Biomedicines” This study found that the JAK1 inhibitors baricitinib and abrocitinib significantly reduced mechanical alloknesis in a murine model of atopic dermatitis, whereas the JAK2 inhibitor AZ960 had no effect.
15 citations
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January 2022 in “Immune Network/Immune network” This review summarizes the pathophysiology and immune mechanisms of inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeted immunotherapies, but reports no new clinical results.
7 citations
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August 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This source reports that the approval of baricitinib and ritlecitinib, which are JAK inhibitors, has marked a significant advancement in treating severe alopecia areata (AA), and suggests that additional treatments with new mechanisms may further improve patient outcomes in the future.
6 citations
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November 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review examines the role of autophagy, specifically macrophage, chaperone-mediated, and microphagy, in the progression of six skin diseases, including psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus, illustrating its significance in cellular homeostasis.
4 citations
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January 2025 in “JAAD reviews.” This review discusses how JAK inhibitors, like tofacitinib and baricitinib, show promise in improving conditions like lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia by reducing severity scores and enhancing hair regrowth, though further research on safety and personalized approaches is needed.
3 citations
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October 2025 in “Biomedicines” This review of seborrheic dermatitis highlights the role of complex immunoinflammatory processes in its pathogenesis and discusses emerging treatments, such as PDE4 inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, and microbiome-targeted therapies, which may benefit patients with severe or treatment-resistant forms, according to the authors.
July 2026 in “Applied Sciences” This review suggests that 308 nm excimer therapy may offer a well-tolerated non-pharmacologic option for alopecia areata, with more limited evidence for its effectiveness in lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia.
April 2026 in “Journal of Inflammation Research” This narrative review highlights the shared immunopathogenesis of alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis and discusses approved and investigational therapies that target common pathways, suggesting a future for personalized treatment strategies.
August 2025 in “Dermatology and Therapy” This review reports that three JAK inhibitors—baricitinib, ritlecitinib, and deuruxolitinib—have gained FDA approval for treating alopecia areata due to their demonstrated efficacy in fostering hair regrowth in clinical trials.
May 2023 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” This review article reports recent advancements in understanding, diagnosing, and treating various hair loss conditions, like androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata, including their genetic factors and new therapeutic options, while also examining the impact of COVID-19 on hair loss.
489 citations
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November 2021 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy” This review discusses the composition, activation, and regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway and highlights its role and inhibitors in various diseases, but reports no new experimental results.
277 citations
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December 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review discusses the immunological basis and development of Janus kinase inhibitors for treating skin diseases and reports no new clinical findings.
29 citations
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December 2022 in “Journal of Nanobiotechnology” In this study, IFN-γ-stimulated iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles improved atopic dermatitis in mice by reducing Th2 cytokine activity, suppressing inflammation, and restoring skin barrier function, as evidenced by decreased itching and inflammatory markers.
4 citations
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November 2025 in “Nature Reviews Disease Primers”
2 citations
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June 2023 in “Indian journal of dermatology, venereology, and leprology” This narrative review reports that Janus kinase inhibitors show promise as an effective treatment for alopecia areata, especially in patients who do not respond to conventional therapies, although further research on long-term use and topical application is needed.
1 citations
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June 2023 in “Genes” This study highlights the genetic complexities in alopecia areata, emphasizing the role of microRNAs and their association with other immune-related diseases, which could inform targeted treatment strategies.