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This study found that peptidylarginine deiminase type III and trichohyalin are coincidentally expressed in the infant rat hair follicle, but trichohyalin deimination occurs after their expression during development.

This study observed that PAD type III and trichohyalin are expressed earlier than their deiminated form during the first and second hair cycles in rat hair follicles, indicating a potential additional factor is involved in triggering deimination.

This study found that human peptidylarginine deiminase type III is the predominant isoform in hair follicles and may modulate structural proteins during hair and hair follicle formation.

This study demonstrates that PAD1 and PAD3 are involved in hair follicle differentiation, while PAD1 and PAD2 may play a role in the physiology of sweat glands and arrector pili muscles.

This study suggests that trichohyalin is modified by peptidyl-arginine deiminase before being cross-linked by TGase 3, allowing the formation of rigid structures in hair follicle cells.

This study found that hair loss in an Olmsted syndrome mouse model with a Trpv3 mutation was linked to premature keratinocyte maturation, affecting hair follicle structure and function.

This article reports that mutations in the PADI3 gene, affecting its activity or localization, cause uncombable hair syndrome and are linked to central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, particularly among women of African ancestry.

This review discusses the role of peptidylarginine deiminases in skin homeostasis and diseases, particularly in keratinocyte differentiation and hair disorders, but presents no new experimental findings.

This study found that trichohyalin, a protein previously thought to be restricted to hair and tongue, is also present in isolated cells within the granular layer and stratum corneum of normal human epidermis.

This study identified molecular elements controlling the expression and stabilization of THH protein in hair follicle cells, revealing key mechanisms that support hair shaft development in mice.

Genetic changes in specific proteins contribute to hair loss in some women of African descent.

This study identified a new S100 fused-type protein, scaffoldin, in reptiles and birds and suggests that SFTP-positive epithelia serve as scaffolds for the growth of various skin appendages, indicating a common evolutionary origin.

In this study, researchers identified two novel peptidylarginine deiminases from treated rat keratinocytes, both showing enzyme activity with PAD‐R11 reflecting a characteristic of epidermal enzymes.

This study found that small proline-rich proteins modify the biomechanical properties of cornified cell envelopes in rodent forestomachs, potentially affecting the tissue's ability to withstand mechanical stress.

This review explores genetic and lifestyle factors influencing hair diversity and reports no new findings, calling attention to the potential for future discoveries in genetic and epigenetic research.

This review discusses the challenges in identifying specific hair follicle antigens involved in initiating alopecia areata and highlights the need for further research to understand its etiopathogenesis, reporting no new results.

This study reports that variation in the ovine TCHH gene may influence wool fibre curvature, with specific gene variants affecting the mean fibre curvature in sheep.

This study concluded that the inner root sheath inhibits the expression of certain differentiation markers in hair bulbs, with calcium-induced changes paralleling those seen in hair follicle mid-segments.

This study identified nine pathogenic variants in the PADI3 gene and variants in the S100A3 and TCHH genes in patients with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, suggesting a broader genetic basis for the disease and potential targets for genetic testing and therapies.

This study identified nine pathogenic variants in the PADI3 gene, and variants in the S100A3 and TCHH genes, which may disrupt protein function and contribute to central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia.

This biographical abstract highlights George Rogers' pioneering contributions to the understanding of keratin molecular structure and keratinisation biochemistry, including the application of electron microscopy to hair ultrastructure and the discovery of enzymes and gene transcription processes relevant to keratin proteins.

This study found that trichohyalin is expressed in cancerous tongue epithelial cells, while plectin-1 expression may indicate malignancy.

This review outlines how peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADIs) and protein citrullination are involved in hair follicle regeneration and inflammatory alopecia, but presents no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the genetic and biological factors influencing hair curliness, revealing strong links to specific protein variations, and reports no new clinical results.

This study found that enzymatic conversion of Arg-51 in S100A3 protein to citrulline promotes homotetramer assembly, potentially increasing Ca²⁺ binding required for hair cuticular barrier formation.

This study suggests that the structure and function of the inner root sheath in mammalian hair may have evolved from simpler forms seen in monotremes, aiding in hair exit without damaging the epidermis.

This review discusses the complexity of identifying hair follicle antigens involved in alopecia areata and reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the need for further research on autoantigen identity.

This study found that citrullinated proteins, which are implicated in rheumatoid arthritis, were abundant in outer membrane vesicles from Porphyromonas gingivalis but nearly absent in mutants, validating their approach to citrullinated peptide identification.

This article presents an overview of uncombable hair syndrome, emphasizing its clinical and molecular characteristics and noting systemic manifestations such as neuropsychiatric, ophthalmic, and cardiopulmonary issues.

This study applied a new RGB trichrome stain to human skin samples, revealing distinct structural staining in normal tissues and potential proteoglycan-rich zones in hair follicles.