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Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.

Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.

Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.

Progestogens are essential in menopausal hormone therapy to prevent uterine cancer and must be chosen carefully based on individual needs.

Inhibiting 5α-reductase increases progesterone levels in late pregnant mares.

Finasteride can have lasting negative effects on brain function and behavior by disrupting neurosteroid production.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Antiandrogens can help treat skin conditions like acne and excessive hair in women when used carefully.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Blocking 5α-reductase can harm memory and brain structure, and increase harmful brain changes in male mice used for Alzheimer's disease research.

Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.

Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers can help prevent more severe adult PCOS.

Skin stem cells are crucial for maintaining and repairing skin, with potential for treating skin disorders and improving wound healing.

Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

High doses of finasteride cause cell growth and tumors in mice.

Steroid sulfatase is important for activating hormones that affect memory, brain function, and certain diseases, and could be a target for treating hormone-related disorders.

Stress can worsen skin conditions and affect mental health, so doctors should include stress management in skin treatment.

Melatonin receptors, found in many body parts, can help treat various diseases like depression and diabetes due to their effects on inflammation, tumor progression, sleep disorders, and body mass regulation.

Finasteride causes abnormal growth in male mice cells at high doses.

An 84-year-old woman's hair loss was due to a rare condition called Leydig cell hyperplasia, which was treated with surgery.

Primary care is key in managing PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes and medications like birth control and metformin.

Changing protein kinase levels in pituitary cells affects calcium flow and beta-endorphin release.

Environmental factors and exposure to toxins may contribute to male infertility by affecting sperm and hormone function.

Androgens may worsen COVID-19 and hair loss could indicate the disease's severity.

Pueraria mirifica extract may help treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Male hormones, or androgens, affect women's health in areas like mood and bone density, and hormone replacement therapy using antiandrogenic progestogens can improve mood disorders and alertness in menopausal women.

The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.

Lowering testosterone speeds up wound healing in male mice.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.