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Cystatin M/E strongly inhibits cathepsin V and cathepsin L, important for skin formation.

Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.

Lamins are vital for cell survival, organ development, and preventing premature aging.

Genes linked to fibrosis are more active in people with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia.

Certain zinc transporters are essential for healthy skin and managing zinc in the body could help treat skin problems.

Inhibiting AP1 in mice skin causes structural changes and weakens the skin barrier.

The African spiny mouse heals skin without scarring due to different protein activity compared to the common house mouse, which heals with scarring.

Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.

New technologies help us better understand how skin microbes affect skin diseases.

Environmental factors like diet and vitamin levels, especially Vitamin D, can affect autoimmune diseases differently, with lifestyle changes potentially improving outcomes.

OsUEV1B protein is essential for controlling phosphate levels in rice.

The skin protects the body, regulates temperature, senses touch, and makes vitamin D.

A new mutation linked to partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and prostate cancer was found in a patient unhappy with their female gender assignment.

The document concludes that a deeper understanding of skin aging and photodamage is needed to create better skin treatments.

Tenofovir is more effective than adefovir for resistant hepatitis B, Fibroscan is good for assessing liver damage, regulatory T cells may help hepatitis C persist, and other insights into liver health and disease were found.

Iron deficiency anemia can cause itching, which often improves with iron supplements.

New treatments and diagnostic methods for various animal skin conditions showed promising results.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Air pollution worsens skin diseases and aging by causing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Treatments that reduce oxidative stress and fix mitochondrial problems may help heal chronic wounds.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

The article concludes that while we understand a lot about how melanocytes age and how this can prevent cancer, there are still unanswered questions about certain pathways and genes involved.

The document concludes that rapid identification, isolation, and strict infection control are crucial to manage SARS outbreaks.

Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.

Certain fungi and bacteria help orchid seeds germinate and plants grow better.

Blocking Wnt signaling in young mice causes thymus shrinkage and cell loss, but recovery is possible when the block is removed.

New genes found linked to balding, may help develop future treatments.