106 citations
,
June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study defines classification criteria for hair follicle dystrophy using a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, providing tools for standardized hair damage assessment.
80 citations
,
January 1995 in “The Nephron journals/Nephron journals” This study concluded that a sequential regimen of prednisolone and cyclophosphamide, followed by low-dose prednisolone and azathioprine, achieved favorable results in most patients with diffuse proliferative and/or membranous lupus nephritis without significant toxicities.
39 citations
,
November 2015 in “Pediatric Nephrology” In this study, rituximab treatment for children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome was associated with a longer remission time and fewer side effects compared to cyclophosphamide.
39 citations
,
October 2014 in “Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift” This study found that while cyclophosphamide remains effective for severe autoimmune conditions, it is associated with gastrointestinal side effects, infections, some cases of irreversible amenorrhoea, and a higher risk of malignancies, emphasizing the need for long-term monitoring.
36 citations
,
April 1994 in “PubMed” This study introduces a mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia, which effectively replicates human chemotherapy-induced hair loss and can be pharmacologically manipulated to study hair regrowth patterns.
30 citations
,
January 2007 This article reviews the use of cyclophosphamide in kidney disease treatment, highlighting significant concerns about long-term risks of cancer and infertility, and stress strategies for dose reduction and side effect mitigation; no new study results are presented.
26 citations
,
January 1992 in “Cancer investigation” This study found that N-acetylcysteine effectively prevented cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia in rats, and ImuVert plus N-acetylcysteine prevented alopecia from a cyclophosphamide-cytarabine combination.
24 citations
,
September 2001 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” This study found that cyclophosphamide-induced hair follicle damage in C3H mice could be remodelled into intact anagen hair follicles with topical cyclosporin A, especially in anagen IV stage follicles.
20 citations
,
October 2003 in “The Journal of Dermatology” This study observed that while dexamethasone-cyclophosphamide pulse therapy is relatively free from hypertension and diabetes compared to conventional steroids in pemphigus patients, it frequently causes generalized weakness and flushing.
14 citations
,
July 2016 in “Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology” In this animal study, cedrol treatment reduced chemotherapy-induced alopecia in mice by preventing hair follicle damage, while minoxidil did not prevent alopecia under similar conditions.
12 citations
,
January 2004 in “International Journal of aromatherapy/International journal of aromatherapy” This study found that Ocimum gratissimum essential oil may enhance hair growth and promote follicular proliferation in rats experiencing cyclophosphamide-induced hair loss.
11 citations
,
July 2014 in “Clinical Rheumatology” This study found that Chinese female patients with systemic autoimmune diseases treated intravenously with cyclophosphamide were more likely to experience gastrointestinal discomfort, myelosuppression, and alopecia.
11 citations
,
March 2010 in “PubMed” This study concluded that monthly pulse IV cyclophosphamide therapy was effective in achieving complete or partial remission in 68.9% of Indian patients with severe lupus nephritis, though longer follow-up is needed.
9 citations
,
January 2014 in “DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” This study found that Cuscuta reflexa extracts promoted hair regrowth and follicular proliferation in cyclophosphamide-induced hair loss in male rats.
8 citations
,
June 2022 in “Cancers” In this study, EC chemotherapy was found to be noninferior to TC in causing grade 3 or 4 neutropenia among HR+/HER2-negative breast cancer patients, but EC was associated with more other adverse events.
5 citations
,
August 2011 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This report describes a rare case of cyclophosphamide-associated neutrophilic folliculitis, suggesting its inclusion in differential diagnoses for acneiform eruptions.
2 citations
,
February 2025 in “Free Radical Biology and Medicine” In a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, this study found that inhibiting the protein S100A8 with paquinimod alleviated hair loss and reduced oxidative stress and ferroptosis, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for managing this side effect in chemotherapy patients.
2 citations
,
April 2021 in “The Egyptian Journal of Histology” This study found that platelet-rich plasma may protect and restore ovarian tissues and functions in female rats with ovarian failure induced by cyclophosphamide.
2 citations
,
January 2016 in “SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI” This study found that nearly all nurses caring for chemotherapy patients showed detectable levels of cyclophosphamide in their urine, indicating significant occupational exposure to this antineoplastic drug.
1 citations
,
June 2025 in “Asian Journal of Medical Sciences” In this study, MMF plus prednisolone was found to induce remission in 81% of patients with proliferative lupus nephritis, with fewer adverse effects such as alopecia and amenorrhea compared to CYC plus prednisolone, despite similar overall remission rates.
1 citations
,
December 2024 in “Case Reports in Dermatology” In this case study, the researchers reported a rare incidence of bilateral hyperpigmented macules on a patient's lower legs, possibly due to cyclophosphamide, suggesting that this chemotherapy drug may directly stimulate hair follicles to cause skin discoloration.
1 citations
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October 2017 in “Animal science journal” This study found that cyclophosphamide treatment in cashmere goats significantly increased cashmere yield by inducing shedding without affecting fiber length, with a 20 mg/kg body weight dose being optimal for hair removal and regrowth.
1 citations
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January 1998 in “International journal of cancer” In this mouse study, topical 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 protected against cyclophosphamide-induced hair loss and inhibited mammary tumor growth, with effects varying by sex and tumor presence.
January 2026 in “Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology” This study found that Yangxuebushen Decoction significantly promoted hair regrowth and improved hair follicle structure in a cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia mouse model by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
November 2025 in “JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY INDIA” This study observed that thymol from Origanum marjoram essential oil significantly promoted hair regrowth and reduced inflammation in cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia in rabbits, with effects that were comparable to or exceeded those of betamethasone, highlighting its potential as a safer treatment alternative.
August 2025 in “JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY INDIA” This study reported that a spray containing Origanum marjoram essential oil significantly improved hair regrowth, dermal thickness, weight, and lymphocyte levels in rabbits with cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia, suggesting its potential as a natural alternative for hair loss treatment.
June 2025 in “Clinical Cancer Research” In this case report, researchers observed that scalp cooling during chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide allowed a pregnant breast cancer patient to preserve nearly all her hair, suggesting such treatment may be a safe and effective option for managing chemotherapy-related hair loss during pregnancy.
March 2025 in “Pediatric Rheumatology” This study found that clinicians frequently prefer cyclophosphamide over rituximab for induction therapy of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and ANCA-associated vasculitis, following a high-dose regimen recommended by the NIH.
September 2024 in “Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology” In this study, researchers found that topical application of 3-β-methoxy-Δ18-oleanene (miliacin) in mice sped up the recovery of hair follicles damaged by cyclophosphamide, moving them into a new hair growth cycle more quickly compared to controls.
April 2024 in “Histochemistry and cell biology” In this study, NAC was observed to counteract the negative effects of cyclophosphamide on hair follicles in mice, preserving both biochemical parameters and hair structure, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option for chemotherapy-induced hair loss.