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In this study, researchers used SEM/SDD-EDS to identify waterborne minerals like calcium and aluminum in the scalp hair cuticle of individuals using treated or untreated water for hair washing, finding that prior application of coconut oil or conditioners can prevent calcium uptake.

This in-vitro study reported that a luliconazole-based formulation improved hair cuticle integrity and was more effective than ketoconazole in repairing damaged hair after 5 and 10 washes, with sensory analysis supporting these results. Further human studies are needed to confirm its clinical effects.

Polymethylene wax in hair relaxers makes hair smooth and shiny with less damage.

This study found that the 16th-century mummified hair from a female mummy in Paju was remarkably well-preserved, with the hair's ultrastructural features maintained likely due to a calcium-rich surface coat.

This study concluded that Polyquaternium-10 conditioner softens the surface of the scale face on hair fibers.

This study found that dimethicone with high molecular weight improved hair surface characteristics, while dimethicone copolyol and amodimethicone enhanced manageability by reducing friction or aiding styling on damaged hair.

This study found that applying a keratin solution improved tensile strength, reduced absorbance, and increased gloss in damaged hair compared to untreated hair.

This study found that applying a solution containing oil-soluble vitamin C to damaged hair improved hair cuticle condition and water repellency, suggesting a new cosmetic function beyond its known skin whitening effects.

This study found that applying hair conditioner during a permanent wave process in the middle rather than early or late improves tensile strength, hydration, and maintains healthier hair cuticle structure.

Applying conditioner mid-treatment reduces hair damage during perms.

In this study, applying hair conditioner during the middle of a permanent wave operation resulted in better tensile strength, hydration, and cuticle health compared to other application times.

This study demonstrates that spatially resolved IR and Raman imaging can effectively reveal the molecular structure and composition of untreated human hair, providing insights into its chemistry and structural integrity.

This study used ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography to observe hair shaft structures, finding melanin granules absent only in white hair, which may explain color differences between black and white hair.

This study demonstrates that a newly developed bio-based, dual-phasic hair serum offers a sustainable and effective alternative to traditional silicone-based serums, enhancing hair cuticle integrity and consumer appeal while supporting environmentally friendly formulation design.

Hair styling products can damage hair over time.

This study supports the idea that steatocystoma multiplex is a hamartomatous condition and suggests it may be a variant of eruptive vellus hair cyst, both originating in the pilosebaceous duct.

This study conducted in situ tensile loading experiments with atomic force microscopy to observe how conditioning treatments affect the tensile response of virgin, chemically damaged, and mechanically damaged Caucasian hair.

This review discusses the use of cosmetic nanocarriers to improve hair appearance and reports no new experimental results.

This study describes the presence of holes in hair fibers, absent in hair follicles, likely forming from daily care actions and removal of extractable substances.

This study found that a new 12-point scale provided a more precise measurement system for evaluating hair damage and improvement after hair care product use compared to a 5-point scale.

Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.

In a laboratory study, researchers found that a novel Bioactive Crosslink Repair Complex improved both the protection and repair of chemically damaged hair, enhancing tensile strength, shine, and cuticle alignment when added to bleaching mixtures and leave-in conditioners.

In this study, hair damaged by permanent dye showed signs of recovery over time, with near complete restoration to its original state after eight weeks.

This study identified a homozygous missense mutation in the KRTHB5 gene linked to pure hair–nail ectodermal dysplasias in a large consanguineous Pakistani family, providing new insights into the condition's molecular pathogenesis.

In this clinical study, the use of potentiated zinc pyrithione shampoo improved scalp health and hair surface characteristics, suggesting that unhealthy scalp conditions may negatively impact pre-emergent hair's cuticle surface.

This study found that hydrogenated palm oil effectively conditions damaged hair by preventing water-induced swelling, with TOF-SIMS analysis showing that its component tripalmitin penetrates the hair's cuticle and outer cortex.

Elkonyxis, a rare nail condition, improved when patients stopped their nail-picking habits.

This study found that lipid and acne inhibitive cream improved the skin condition in a rabbit ear acne model, showing significant changes in follicular cornification.

This study found that hair fibers broke down and lost keratin in extremely basic conditions, revealing the inner medulla and changing the color of the fibers.

In this study, treatments using a shampoo and conditioner with hematin helped repair damaged hair by depositing a cuticle-like structure, straightening hair as observed through electron microscopy.