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Hyperpigmentation is common in pregnancy and may not fully fade after birth; melasma, also frequent, can persist but has limited treatment options during pregnancy.

Mnemonics with one letter are useful and easy to remember for learning dermatology.

Understanding skin patterns can help us learn about skin diseases and their treatments.

Terbinafine is more effective than itraconazole for toenail fungus, especially in older patients, and debridement improves its effectiveness.

Advancements in hair biology include new treatments and tools for hair growth and alopecia.

The meeting covered advances in understanding hair growth, causes of hair loss, and potential treatments.

Old people's nails often have problems due to body changes, more diseases, and self-care difficulties, affecting their movement and hand use.

Older people often have untreated genital skin diseases due to embarrassment and lack of medical attention, which can lead to discomfort and even cancer risk.

New techniques and findings in dermatologic surgery show improved pain management, safer liposuction, better hair transplantation, and effective treatments for skin conditions.

New retinoids are effective for various skin conditions and are being developed to have fewer side effects.

Hair follicles are complex, dynamic mini-organs that help us understand cell growth, death, migration, and differentiation, as well as tissue regeneration and tumor biology.

Hair growth phase and certain genes can speed up wound healing, while an inflammatory mediator can slow down new hair growth after a wound. Understanding these factors can improve tissue regeneration during wound healing.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

Air pollution worsens skin diseases and aging by causing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

Dermatoscopy is useful for identifying different hair and scalp conditions and can reduce the need for biopsies.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

A new microneedle patch made from hair proteins helps regrow hair faster and better than current treatments.

Cancer treatments targeting specific cells and the immune system can cause skin, mouth, hair, and nail problems, affecting patients' quality of life and treatment adherence.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Stress-related substance P may lead to hair loss and negatively affect hair growth.

The dermal papilla is crucial for hair growth and health, and understanding it could lead to new hair loss treatments.

Comma hairs are a specific sign of tinea capitis when viewed with videodermatoscopy.

Pregnancy can cause skin darkening, varicose veins, more sweating, hair growth, hair loss after birth, nail changes, and gum inflammation.

Finasteride helps increase hair growth in men with hair loss.

Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Oxidative stress contributes to hair graying and loss as we age.

Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.