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High levels of TNF-α may contribute to obesity and insulin resistance in PCOS, but not due to the C850T genetic variation.

Certain SHBG gene variants, like rs727428, are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Researchers found potential urine markers for polycystic ovary syndrome, including testosterone-glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, which may help diagnose the condition.

The oral glucose tolerance test is effective in detecting abnormal glucose tolerance in Indian women with PCOS.

Higher hs-CRP levels in Indian adolescent women with PCOS are more related to BMI than PCOS itself.

The N363S gene variant does not cause higher adrenal androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of a certain growth factor, which can be reduced by taking metformin.

Eating less starch and dairy helped overweight women with PCOS lose weight and improve symptoms.

Metformin helps regulate menstrual cycles, induce ovulation, and improve pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS.

High fasting insulin levels in women with PCOS are linked to a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.

Taking metformin with intense-pulsed-light therapy improves hair removal for people with PCOS.

Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have a lower health-related quality of life, especially those with an anovulatory phenotype, and may need specific interventions to improve it.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with PCOS and linked to some metabolic problems, but not the main cause of their metabolic issues.

Korean patients with PCOS often have skin problems like acne and excess hair, with different symptoms based on their specific PCOS type.

Prostate-specific antigen may be a new marker for excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a higher risk of certain fractures.

Alfacalcidiol and metformin together lowered testosterone in women with PCOS, but did not significantly improve acne, hair growth, or pregnancy rates.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

A low-starch/low-dairy diet may help overweight women with PCOS lose weight and improve metabolism, but more research is needed.

Overweight women with PCOS have higher levels of certain hormones that could indicate a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.

AMH is a good marker for diagnosing PCOS, but global standards are needed.

Young women with PCOS without additional risk factors may have normal heart function.

About 5% of Thai university girls aged 17-19 have polycystic ovary syndrome, with moderate acne being a strong risk factor.

Women with PCOS have similar bone density to healthy women, but those who are obese have higher bone density at some body sites.

Depression severity is not linked to PCOS markers like BMI, insulin resistance, or testosterone levels.

Metformin effectively improves metabolic symptoms in women with PCOS, while alfacalcidiol does not have a significant impact.

Both treatments reduced excessive hair growth in PCOS, but there was no difference in weight, hair score, hormone levels, or insulin resistance.

PCOS is a long-term condition that needs more research for better understanding and treatment.

The document says PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, diagnosed by certain criteria, and managed with lifestyle changes and various medications.

Certain gene variants in estrogen receptors are linked to polycystic ovary syndrome, mainly affecting metabolism, in Tunisian women.